Zhang Yi (Bogong)
| Zhang Yi | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General of Shu Han | |
| Born | (Unknown) |
| Died | 264 |
| Names | |
| Traditional Chinese | 張翼 |
| Simplified Chinese | 张翼 |
| Pinyin | Zhāng Yì |
| Wade–Giles | Chang I |
| Courtesy name | Bogong (Chinese: 伯恭; pinyin: Bógōng; Wade–Giles: Po-kung) |
Zhang Yi (died 264), courtesy name Bogong, was a general of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period.
Originally from Wuyang county (武陽; present-day Pengshan County, Meishan, Sichuan) and a descendant of Zhang Liang, Zhang Yi became Liu Bei's secretary after the latter had captured Yi Province from Liu Zhang. The secretary received several promotions during his service to the Shu regime, and became an area commander responsible for overseeing the Nanzhong region.
However, Zhang Yi lacked the flexibility to acclimate Shu's law (蜀科; which was dictated by Legalism) to local customs, so common people around the area disliked him. Finally, such public outcry precipitated a major revolt, which effectively absolved Zhang Yi from governorship. The Shu emperor Liu Shan (Liu Bei's son) sent an envoy to summon Zhang Yi back to the capital because of the uprising. Zhang Yi's close aides also urged him to quickly return and admit guilt, but Zhang dissented and grunted, "I was called back because I am not suitable for my post, but I should gather the grain for my successor, (Ma Zhong), so that the army would vanquish the rebels. How can I neglect the affairs of the State just because I am demoted?" Thus, he prescribed the transport of food supplies to a staging area, and kept the army in full alertness. Zhang Yi's action laid the foundation for Ma Zhong's later success and received the panegyric from the chancellor Zhuge Liang.
After he returned to the capital Chengdu, Zhang Yi was selected by Zhuge Liang as the latter's Front-Commander during one of his northern expeditions against Shu's rival state, Cao Wei. He was also made the designated Governor of Fufeng. After Zhuge Liang's death, Zhang Yi received the post of Front-Leader (the Front-Commander was supposed to be a temporary post created for an expedition, while the Front-Leader served as a regular or permanent counterpart of the former). Since then, he was tasked with the defense of Jiangwei commandery, whict sits on the border between Shu and Wei.
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