Zhang Hua
| Zhang Hua | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 張華 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 张华 | ||||||
|
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Zhāng Huà |
| This article is part of the War of the Eight Princes series. |
|
|---|---|
| Eight Princes | |
| Sima Liang | |
| Sima Wei | |
| Sima Lun | |
| Sima Jiong | |
| Sima Ai | |
| Sima Ying | |
| Sima Yong | |
| Sima Yue | |
| Other key figures | |
| Emperor Hui | |
| Emperor Huai | |
| Empress Yang Zhi | |
| Jia Nanfeng | |
| Yang Xianrong | |
| Sima Yu | |
| Yang Jun | |
| Wei Guan | |
| Zhang Hua |
Zhang Hua (232–300), courtesy name Maoxian (茂先), was a Jin Dynasty (265-420) official and poet. He was a native of Fangcheng County (now Gu'an County), Hebei.
Zhang Hua's father Zhang Ping (張平) was a commandery governor during Cao Wei, but died when he was young. Zhang Hua's family became impoverished, and he was a shepherd when he was young. A man from the same commandery, Liu Fang (劉放), became impressed with his talent, and gave his daughter to Zhang in marriage. He became known for his literary talent, and he wrote a collection of poems, ostensibly about birds—but in fact about people's tendencies. The poems received great renown, and the commandery governor recommended him to the regent Sima Zhao (211-265). Sima Zhao made him one of his secretaries, and he distinguished himself in that role. However, as Director of the Court of Sacrificial Worship he suffered disgrace because one of the beams in the Imperial Temple happened to break, for which he was cashiered. After Sima Zhao's son Sima Yan established Jin Dynasty (as Emperor Wu, r.265-289), he further elevated Zhang and created him an acting marquess. When Yang Hu encouraged Emperor Wu to conquer the rival Eastern Wu, most officials opposed, but Zhang greatly agreed with Yang and was later heavily involved with the strategies and the logistics behind the conquest of Eastern Wu in 279-280. After the fall of Eastern Wu, Emperor Wu created him the Marquess of Guangwu to honor him for his contributions. He had two sons, his First Son is named (張祎) from which the lineage produced Zhang Jiuling,and Zhang Jiazhen and his Second son (張韙).
However, Zhang soon fell out of favor with Emperor Wu—when Emperor Wu once asked him who could be a regent for his son Crown Prince Zhong (later Emperor Hui), Zhang recommended Emperor Wu's highly talented brother Sima You the Prince of Qi, and while Prince You was clearly capable, Emperor Wu was angry at the recommendation because he feared that all of the officials instead wanted Prince You to be emperor. The officials who previously opposed the campaign against Eastern Wu, who had been embarrassed by Zhang when Eastern Wu turned out to be an easy enemy to conquer, took this chance to falsely accuse Zhang, and Emperor Wu sent him out of the capital to be the military commander of You Province (幽州, modern Beijing, Tianjin, and northern Hebei). Zhang distinguished himself capable in that role as well, pacifying the various non-Han tribes of the region easily. Emperor Wu several times considered summoning him back to the capital Luoyang to be prime minister, but each time changed his mind after further false accusations.
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