Yoshkar-Ola
| Yoshkar-Ola (English) Йошкар-Ола (Russian) Йошкар-Ола (Mari) |
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.png) Top: Wall clock display in the Yoshkar-Ola National Art Gallery; middle left: Yoshkar-Ola City Hall; middle right: Flower-style lantern in Obolensky-Nogotkov Square; bottom left: Monument to Obolensky-Nogotkov; bottom right: Monument to Tsar Cannon in the National Art Gallery |
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.svg) Location of the Mari El Republic in Russia |
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 Yoshkar-Ola
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| Anthem | Song About Yoshkar-Ola |
| City Day | August 6 |
| Administrative status (as of December 2013) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Mari El Republic |
| Administratively subordinated to | city of republic significance of Yoshkar-Ola |
| Capital of | Mari El Republic |
| Administrative center of | city of republic significance of Yoshkar-Ola |
| Municipal status (as of October 2014) | |
| Urban okrug | Yoshkar-Ola Urban Okrug |
| Administrative center of | Yoshkar-Ola Urban Okrug |
| Head | Yevgeny Maslov (acting) |
| Representative body | City Assembly |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 248,782 inhabitants |
| - Rank in 2010 | 74th |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00) |
| Founded | 1584 |
| City status since | 1781 |
| Previous names |
Tsaryovokokshaysk (until 1919), Krasnokokshaysk (until 1927) |
| Postal code(s) | 424000–424008, 424010, 424016, 424019, 424020, 424026, 424028, 424030–424034, 424036–424040, 424045, 424700, 424899, 424950, 424999 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8362 |
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Yoshkar-Ola (Russian: Йошка́р-Ола́; Mari: Йошкар-Ола) is the capital city of the Mari El Republic, Russia. Its population is about a quarter million. Yoshkar-Ola means red city in Mari and was formerly known as Tsaryovokokshaysk (Царёвококшайск) before 1919, as Krasnokokshaysk (Краснококшайск) between 1919 and 1927 (both after the Malaya Kokshaga River, which runs through the city) and Charla (Чарла) (old Mari). Yoshkar-Ola was established as a military fortress in 1584, following the Russian conquest of the Mari region.
Population: 248,782 (2010 Census);256,719 (2002 Census);241,601 (1989 Census).
Yoshkar-Ola means red city in Mari. The current name is the third to have been given to the city. The city was known as Tsaryovokokshaysk (Царёвококшайск) before 1919 and as Krasnokokshaysk (Краснококшайск) between 1919 and 1927. These names were derived from the name of the Malaya Kokshaga River, which runs through the city. The city's old Mari name was Charla (Чарла).
Yoshkar-Ola was established as a military fortress in 1584, following the Russian conquest of the Mari region.
During the Soviet era, especially after World War II, the city was a regional industrial and transport center and grew to its current size. The collapse of the Soviet Union removed support for state enterprises, and led to the shutdown of most manufacturing activity in the area. Much of the city's economic activity was supported by shuttle traders who would transport (often counterfeit) goods from the bustling markets of Moscow to Yoshkar-Ola's bazaars. The sharp decline in living standards led to the emigration of specialized professionals to larger cities in Russia.
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Wikipedia