Yishan (Manchu official)
| Yishan | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Class Zhenguo Jiangjun | |||||
| First Class Zhenguo Jiangjun | |||||
| Tenure | 1847–1878 | ||||
| General of Ili | |||||
| Office | 1838–1840 1845–1854 |
||||
| General of Heilongjiang | |||||
| Office | 1855–1860 | ||||
| Born | 13 June 1790 | ||||
| Died | 30 June 1878 (aged 88) | ||||
| Issue | Zaizhuo (載鷟) | ||||
|
|||||
| House | Aisin Gioro | ||||
| Father | Mianbei (綿備) | ||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Aisin-Gioro Yishan (愛新覺羅·奕山) |
| Yishan | |||||||||
| Chinese | 奕山 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||
| Jingxuan (courtesy name) |
|||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 靜軒 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 静轩 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Yìshān |
| Wade–Giles | I-shan |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Jìngxuān |
| Wade–Giles | Ching-hsüan |
Yishan (Manchu: 
I Šan; 13 June 1790 – 30 June 1878), courtesy name Jingxuan, was a Manchu lesser noble and official of the Qing dynasty. He is best known for his failure to defend Guangzhou (Canton) from British forces during the First Opium War, and for signing the treaties of Kulja and Aigun with the Russian Empire in 1851 and 1858 respectively.
Yishan was born in the Aisin Gioro clan, the imperial clan of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, towards the end of the reign of the Qianlong Emperor. He was a great-great-grandson of Yunti, the Kangxi Emperor's 14th son and the first in line in the Prince Xun peerage. His great-grandfather, Hongchun (弘春; 1703–1739), once held the title of a junwang (second-rank prince) as "Prince Tai of the Second Rank" (多羅泰郡王). His family was under the Bordered Blue Banner of the Eight Banners.
In 1821, after the Daoguang Emperor came to the throne, Yishan, then a fourth-grade noble, was recruited to serve as a third class imperial guard (三等侍衛) in the Forbidden City. Between 1821 and 1838, he held the following appointments, among others: lingdui dachen (領隊大臣) of Da'erbahatai (塔爾巴哈台; an administrative region in present-day Xinjiang); deputy dutong (都統; commander) of the Bordered Blue Banner Han Forces; canzan dachen (參贊大臣) of Ili (伊犁; an area within Xinjiang). In 1838, he was appointed as General of Ili to govern and maintain security in the area known as Dzungaria. He was recalled back to the capital, Beijing, two years later.
...
Wikipedia