Wrestling Dontaku 2016 was a professional wrestling event promoted by New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW). The event took place on May 3, 2016, in Fukuoka, Fukuoka at Fukuoka Kokusai Center and featured ten matches, six of which were contested for championships. The show was headlined by Tetsuya Naito making his first defense of the IWGP Heavyweight Championship against Tomohiro Ishii. It was the thirteenth event under the Wrestling Dontaku name.

Wrestling Dontaku 2016 featured ten professional wrestling matches that involved different wrestlers from pre-existing scripted feuds and storylines. Wrestlers portrayed villains, heroes, or less distinguishable characters in the scripted events that built tension and culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches.

NJPW announced the first matches for Wrestling Dontaku 2016 on April 11, 2016, the day after Invasion Attack 2016. The event would be headlined by new IWGP Heavyweight Champion Tetsuya Naito making his first title defense against Tomohiro Ishii in what would mark Ishii's first-ever shot at the title. The match came as a result of events taking place at Invasion Attack 2016, where Ishii confronted Naito after Naito had defeated his Chaos stablemate Kazuchika Okada for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. Naito and Ishii had previously faced off in early 2014, when Ishii defeated Naito for the NEVER Openweight Championship. More recently the two had met in the second round of the 2016 New Japan Cup, where Naito was victorious en route to winning the entire tournament. Ishii would enter the match as the reigning ROH World Television Champion, however, his title would not be on the line. Were he to win the title, Ishii, standing at 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in), would have become the shortest IWGP Heavyweight Champion in history.

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