Woodlawn (plantation)
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Woodlawn Plantation
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Woodlawn, August 2003
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| Location | West of junction of U.S. 1 and Rte. 235, Alexandria, Virginia |
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| Coordinates | 38°43′0″N 77°8′10″W / 38.71667°N 77.13611°WCoordinates: 38°43′0″N 77°8′10″W / 38.71667°N 77.13611°W |
| Built | 1800-1805 |
| Architect | Dr. William Thornton |
| Architectural style | Federal |
| NRHP Reference # |
70000792 (original) 11000836 (increase) |
| VLR # | 029-0056 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | February 26, 1970 |
| Boundary increase | November 18, 2011 |
| Designated NHL | August 6, 1998 |
| Designated VLR | December 2, 1969, September 22, 2011 |
Woodlawn Plantation is a historic house located in Fairfax County, Virginia. Originally a part of Mount Vernon, George Washington's historic plantation estate, it was subdivided in the 19th century by abolitionists to demonstrate the viability of a free labor system. The address is now 9000 Richmond Highway, Alexandria, Virginia, but due to expansion of Fort Belvoir and reconstruction of historic Route 1, access is via Woodlawn Road slightly south of Jeff Todd Way/State Route 235. The house is a designated National Historic Landmark, primarily for its association with the Washington family, but also for the role it played in the historic preservation movement. It is now a museum property owned and managed by the National Trust for Historic Preservation.
George Washington planned the house to overlook Dogue Creek as well as be visible from (and viewing) Mount Vernon. In 1799 he gave the plantation (2,000 acres (810 ha) of land as well as gristmill and distillery) as a wedding present to Eleanor ("Nelly" or "Nellie") Parke Custis (Martha Washington's granddaughter who was raised on the Mount Vernon estate), and his nephew Major Lawrence Lewis. The President asked architect Dr. William Thornton, who had designed the U.S. Capitol, to design them a house.
Construction began in 1800 and was finished in 1805. Today, 126 acres containing the original house, surrounding gardens and a small sustainable farm are all that remain of the original plantation.
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