William Smith Clark

William Smith Clark
William S. Clark c. 1876
President of the Massachusetts Agricultural College (now the University of Massachusetts Amherst)
In office 1867–1879
President of the Sapporo Agricultural College (now the University of Hokkaido)
In office 1876–1877
Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
In office 1864 – 1865, and 1867
Presidential Elector, 1864
Personal details
Born	July 31, 1826 Ashfield, Massachusetts
Died	March 9, 1886(1886-03-09) (aged 59) Amherst, Massachusetts
Signature
Military service
Allegiance	Union
Service/branch	Union Army
Years of service	1861–1863
Rank	Colonel
Commands	21st Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment
Battles/wars	American Civil War

William Smith Clark (July 31, 1826 – March 9, 1886) was an American professor of chemistry, botany and zoology, a colonel during the American Civil War, and a leader in agricultural education. Raised and schooled in Easthampton, Massachusetts, Clark spent most of his adult life in Amherst, Massachusetts. He graduated from Amherst College in 1848 and obtained a doctorate in chemistry from Georgia Augusta University in Göttingen in 1852. He then served as professor of chemistry at Amherst College from 1852 to 1867. During the Civil War, he was granted leave from Amherst to serve with the 21st Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, eventually achieving the rank of colonel and the command of that unit.

In 1867, Clark became the third president of the Massachusetts Agricultural College (MAC), now the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was the first to appoint a faculty and admit a class of students. Although initially successful, MAC was criticized by politicians and newspaper editors who felt it was a waste of funding in a state that was growing increasingly industrial. Farmers of western Massachusetts were slow to support the college. Despite these obstacles, Clark's success in organizing an innovative academic institution earned him international attention.

Japanese officials, striving to achieve rapid modernization of that country in the wake of the Meiji Restoration, were especially intrigued by Clark's work. In 1876, the Japanese government hired Clark as a foreign advisor to establish the Sapporo Agricultural College (SAC), now Hokkaido University. During his eight months in Sapporo, Clark successfully organized SAC, had a significant impact on the scientific and economic development of the island of Hokkaido, and made a lasting imprint on Japanese culture. Clark's visage overlooks Sapporo from several statues and his parting words to his Japanese students, "Boys, be ambitious!"(「少年よ大志を抱け」) have become a nationally known motto in Japan.