Wen Ping
| Wen Ping | |
|---|---|
| General of Cao Wei | |
| Born | (Unknown) |
| Died | (Unknown) |
| Names | |
| Traditional Chinese | 文聘 |
| Simplified Chinese | 文聘 |
| Pinyin | Wén Pìng |
| Wade–Giles | Wen P'ing |
| Courtesy name | Zhongye (traditional Chinese: 仲業; simplified Chinese: 仲业; pinyin: Zhòngyè; Wade–Giles: Chung-yeh) |
| Posthumous name | Marquis Zhuang (traditional Chinese: 壯侯; simplified Chinese: 壮侯; pinyin: Zhuàng Hóu; Wade–Giles: Chuang Hou) |
Wen Ping (birth and death years unknown),courtesy name Zhongye, was a military general who lived in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period. During his tenure as a general under the warlord Cao Cao, he was credited with defeating Guan Yu and defending Cao's interest in Jiangxia from the eastern warlord Sun Quan.
Wen Ping was a native of Nanyang, he originally served under Liu Biao, the Governor of Jing Province, and was tasked with defending the province's northern frontier. When Liu Biao's successor, Liu Cong, submitted to Cao Cao's authority, Wen Ping was hesitant to surrender, and was asked by Cao why he was so late to yield. Wen Ping promptly replied Cao Cao that he was indeed considering resistance because he was tasked by Liu Biao to do so, and it was not his plan to yield. Cao Cao was impressed by Wen Ping's response and gave him back the power to command a portion of his own Jing Province troops.
Wen Ping participated at the Battle of Changban against Liu Bei, and routed the latter, but Liu was able to flee and formed an alliance with the eastern warlord Sun Quan. During the subsequent Battle of Red Cliffs against the combined forces of Liu Bei and Sun Quan, the forces of Cao Cao suffered a total disaster, as a result, Wen Ping was granted the command of a portion of the northern troops, made the Administrator of Jiangxia, and was asked to stay in the border to wrestle over the area for Cao Cao.
Wen Ping was made the lowest rank of marquis and supported Cao Ren during the Battle of Jiangling when Sun Quan's general Zhou Yu led his forces into the heart of Jing Province. While Liu Bei's trusted general Guan Yu attempted to cut Cao Ren's connection, Wen Ping and his colleague Yue Jin defeated Guan at Xiukou, and Wen was granted the title of "Marquis of Yanshou" and promoted to the rank of "General Who Strikes Rebels". Motivated by his victory, Wen Ping further overtook Guan Yu's supply depot at Han Ford; then caught Guan on the Han River, and burned down most of his warships. At the time, Wen Ping and Yue Jin successfully secured the supply and communication lines of Jiangling; however, the casualties on Cao Cao's forces were beyond affordable level after nearly a year of intense fighting, so Cao admitted defeat and ordered his generals to forfeit Jiangling. Thus, Wen Ping entered into a defensive position in the eastern flank to resist Sun Quan's general, Cheng Pu, who assumed the position of Governor of Jiangxia.
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