InChI=1S/C6H5NO2/c8-6(9)5-2-1-3-7-4-5/h1-4H,(H,8,9)^Y

Key: PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y
InChI=1/C6H5NO2/c8-6(9)5-2-1-3-7-4-5/h1-4H,(H,8,9)

Key: PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYAA

SMILES

OC(=O)c1cccnc1

Properties

Chemical formula

C
6NH
5O
2

Molar mass

123.1094 g mol⁻¹

Appearance

White, translucent crystals

Density

1.473 g cm⁻³

Melting point

237 °C; 458 °F; 510 K

Solubility in water

18 g L⁻¹

log P

0.219

Acidity (pK_a)

2.0,4.85

Isoelectric point

4.75

Refractive index (n_D)

1.4936

Dipole moment

0.1271305813 D

Thermochemistry

Std enthalpy of
formation (Δ_fH^o₂₉₈)

−344.9 kJ mol⁻¹

Std enthalpy of
combustion (Δ_cH^o₂₉₈)

−2.73083 MJ mol⁻¹

Pharmacology

ATC code

C04AC01 (WHO) C10AD02 (WHO)

Routes of
administration

Intramuscular, Oral

Pharmacokinetics:

Biological half-life

20–45 min

Hazards

EU classification (DSD)

S26, S36

193 °C (379 °F; 466 K)

Autoignition
temperature

365 °C (689 °F; 638 K)

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

(what is ^YN ?)

Infobox references

Niacin, also known as vitamin B₃ and nicotinic acid, is an organic compound with the formula C
6H
5NO
2 and, depending on the definition used, one of the 20 to 80 essential human nutrients. Pharmaceutical and supplemental niacin are primarily used to treat hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol) and pellagra (niacin deficiency). Insufficient niacin in the diet can cause nausea, skin and mouth lesions, anemia, headaches, and tiredness. The lack of niacin may also be observed in pandemic deficiency disease, which is caused by a lack of five crucial vitamins (niacin, vitamin C, thiamin, vitamin D, and vitamin A) and is usually found in areas of widespread poverty and malnutrition. Niacin is provided in the diet from a variety of whole and processed foods, with highest contents in fortified packaged foods and meat from various animal sources.

This colorless, water-soluble solid is a derivative of pyridine, with a carboxyl group (COOH) at the 3-position. Other forms of vitamin B₃ include the corresponding amide nicotinamide ("niacinamide"), where the carboxyl group has been replaced by a carboxamide group (CONH
2), as well as more complex amides and a variety of esters. Nicotinic acid and niacinamide are convertible to each other with steady world demand rising from 8,500 tonnes per year in the 1980s to 40,000 in recent years.

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Wikipedia