Nicotinamide
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| Pronunciation | /ˌnɪkəˈtɪnəmaɪd/ |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Consumer Drug Information |
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| Routes of administration |
by mouth, topical |
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| Synonyms | 3-pyridinecarboxamide niacinamide nicotinic acid amide vitamin PP nicotinic amide |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.467 |
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| Formula | C6H6N2O |
| Molar mass | 122.13 g·mol−1 |
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| Density | 1.40 g/cm3 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 129.5 °C (265.1 °F) |
| Boiling point | 334 °C (633 °F) |
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Nicotinamide (NAA), also known as niacinamide, is a vitamin found in food, used as a dietary supplement, and used as a medication. As a supplement it is used by mouth to prevent and treat pellagra (niacin deficiency). While nicotinic acid (niacin) may be used nicotinamide has the benefit of not causing skin flushing. As a cream it is used to treat acne.
Side effects are minimal. At high doses liver problems may occur. Normal amounts are safe for use during pregnancy. Nicotinamide is in the vitamin B family of medications. It is an amide of nicotinic acid. Foods that contain nicotinamide include yeast, meat, milk, and green vegetables.
Nicotinamide was discovered between 1935 and 1937. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. Nicotinamide is available as a generic medication and over the counter. In the United Kingdom a 60 gm tube costs the NHS about 7.10 pounds. Commercially nicotinamide is made from either nicotinic acid or 3-cyanopyridine. In a number of countries grains have nicotinamide added to them.
Nicotinamide is the preferred treatment for niacin deficiency (pellagra).
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is one known cause of nicotinamide deficiency.
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Wikipedia