Venezuelan War of Independence

Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Date	1810–1823 (13 years)
Location	Venezuela and New Granada
Result	Venezuelan victory and independence

Belligerents

1810:

Caracas Junta
1811–1816:

1816–1819:

1819–1823:

Commanders and leaders

Francisco de Miranda
Simón Bolívar
Antonio Jose de Sucre
Jose Antonio Paez
Manuel Piar
Rafael Urdaneta
Santiago Mariño

Juan Domingo Monteverde
Juan Manuel Cajigal
Jose Tomas Boves
Pablo Morillo
Miguel de la Torre

The Venezuelan War of Independence (1810–1823) was one of the Spanish American wars of independence of the early nineteenth century, when independence movements in Latin America fought against rule by the Spanish Empire, emboldened by Spain's troubles in the Napoleonic Wars.

The establishment of the Supreme Caracas Junta following the forced deposition of Vicente Emparan as Captain General of the Captaincy General of Venezuela on April 19, 1810, marked the beginnings of the war. On July 5, 1811, seven of the ten provinces of the Captaincy General of Venezuela declared their independence in the Venezuelan Declaration of Independence. The First Republic of Venezuela was lost in 1812 following the 1812 Caracas earthquake and the Battle of La Victoria (1812). Simón Bolívar led an "Admirable Campaign" to retake Venezuela, establishing the Second Republic of Venezuela in 1813; but this too did not last, falling to a combination of a local uprising and Spanish royalist reconquest. Only as part of Bolívar's campaign to liberate New Granada in 1819-20 did Venezuela achieve a lasting independence from Spain (initially as part of Gran Colombia).

On 17 December 1819, the Congress of Angostura declared Gran Colombia an independent country. After two more years of war, the country achieved independence from Spain in 1821 under the leadership of its most famous son, Simón Bolívar. Venezuela, along with the present-day^[update] countries of Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador, formed part of the Republic of Gran Colombia until 1830, when Venezuela separated and became a sovereign country.

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