Vaballathus
| Vaballathus | |
|---|---|
| King of kings and Emperor of Palmyra | |
| King of kings, then emperor of Palmyra | |
| Reign | 267-272 |
| Predecessor | Maeonius |
| Successor | Vacant Title next held by Antiochus |
| Father | Odaenathus |
| Mother | Zenobia |
Lucius Julius Aurelius Septimius Vabalathus Athenodorus (Palmyrene: 
, Arabic: وهب اللات; 259-273) was a king of the Palmyrene Empire. Vaballathus is the Latinized form of his Palmyrene name (Wahballat, "Gift of the Goddess"). As the Arabian goddess Allāt came to be identified with Athena, he used Athenodorus as the Greek form of his name.
His father was Septimius Odaenathus, King of Palmyra, and his mother was Queen Zenobia. When his father was assassinated by his cousin Maeonius in the year 267, the young Vaballathus was made king (rex consul imperator dux Romanorum, "illustrious King of Kings" and corrector totius orientis) of the Palmyrene Empire. Effective power was wielded by his mother Zenobia, who conquered Lower Egypt, Syria (region), Palestine, Anatolia and Lebanon.
Initially the Roman Emperor Aurelian recognized Vaballathus' rule, perhaps because he was engaged in conflict with the Gallic Empire in the west and hesitated to incite open warfare with the Palmyrene Empire. This mutual recognition is testified by early coins minted under Vaballathus, in which Aurelian is portraited with the title augustus; however, the relationship between the two empires deteriorated and Aurelian disappeared from his coins, while Zenobia and Vaballathus have adopted the titles of Augusta and Augustus respectively.
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