Umbrella Revolution

Umbrella Revolution
The Admiralty protest site on the night of 10 October
Date	26 September 2014 – 15 December 2014
Location	Hong Kong: Admiralty (26 September 2014 – 11 December 2014) Causeway Bay (28 September 2014 – 15 December 2014) Mong Kok (28 September 2014 – 25 November 2014) Tsim Sha Tsui (1 October 2014 – 3 October 2014)
Causes	Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decision on electoral reform regarding future Hong Kong Chief Executive and Legislative Council elections
Goals	Genuine universal suffrage Retraction of the NPCSC decision Abolition of functional constituencies of Legislative Council of Hong Kong Resignation of Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying
Methods	Occupations, sit-ins, civil disobedience, mobile street protests, internet activism, hunger strikes, hacking
Result	No changes to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decision on 2014 Hong Kong electoral reform and rejection of the reform by Legislative Council (the large rejection result of 8 to 28 was caused by errors of Pro-Beijing camp) Suffragists launched mobile street protests in various areas after clearance operations Public dissatisfaction with the Pan-democracy camp The localization movement of Hong Kong rises Government of Hong Kong strengthen the control of the media and educational institutions Communist Party of China strengthen the control of entertainment for young people
Concessions given	The Hong Kong SAR government promises to submit a "New Occupy report" to the Chinese Central government, but the content of the completed report has aroused public resentment again
Parties to the civil conflict
Umbrella Movement Pro-democracy activists Hong Kong Federation of Students Scholarism Occupy Central with Love and Peace (until 3 December 2014) Students Awaken Student Front Hong Kong Shield Civic Passion Pan-democracy camp Hacking groups Anonymous Authorities Hong Kong SAR government Chinese central government Communist Party of China Anti occupy movement Alliance for Peace and Democracy Silent Majority for Hong Kong Voice of Loving Hong Kong Caring Hong Kong Power Defend Hong Kong Campaign Justice Alliance Blue Ribbon Movement Alliance in Support of Our Police Force Pro-Beijing camp Triads Sun Yee On Wo Shing Wo
Injuries and arrests
Injuries	470+ (as of 29 Nov)
Arrested	955 75 turned themselves in
Sites of significant protests Admiralty Mong Kok Causeway Bay Tsim Sha Tsui

External video

seven plainclothes police officers beating up a handcuffed protester

Hong Kong:

Umbrella Movement

955

A series of sit-in street protests, often called the Umbrella Revolution (Chinese: 雨傘革命; Jyutping: Jyu⁵saan³ gaak³meng⁶; pinyin: Yǔsǎn gémìng) and sometimes used interchangeably with Umbrella Movement (Chinese: 雨傘運動; Jyutping: Jyu⁵saan³ wan⁶dung⁶; pinyin: Yǔsǎn yùndòng), occurred in Hong Kong from 26 September to 15 December 2014. The protests began after the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC) issued a decision regarding proposed reforms to the Hong Kong electoral system. The decision was widely seen to be highly restrictive, and tantamount to the Chinese Communist Party's pre-screening of the candidates for the leader of Hong Kong.

Students led a strike against the NPCSC's decision beginning on 22 September 2014, and the Hong Kong Federation of Students and Scholarism started protesting outside the government headquarters on 26 September 2014. On 28 September, the Occupy Central with Love and Peace movement announced the beginning of their civil disobedience campaign. Students and other members of the public demonstrated outside government headquarters, and some began to occupy several major city intersections. Protesters blocked both east–west arterial routes in northern Hong Kong Island near Admiralty. Police tactics – including the use of tear gas – and triad attacks on protesters led more citizens to join the protests and to occupy Causeway Bay and Mong Kok. The number of protesters peaked at more than 100,000 at any given time, overwhelming the police thus causing containment errors.