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Twin Cities 400

400
Twin Cities 400
The 400 steam powered Chicago and North Western 1936.JPG
The 400 of 1936
Overview
Type Express train
System Chicago and North Western Railway
Status Ceased operation
Locale Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois
Termini Minneapolis, Minnesota
Chicago, Illinois
Train number(s) 400, 401
Operation
Opened January 2, 1935
Closed July 23, 1963
Owner Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway (Minneapolis–Wyeville), Chicago and North Western Railway (Wyeville–Chicago) (track)
Operator(s) Chicago and North Western Railway
Technical
Track gauge 4 ft 8 12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Operating speed Over 112 mph (180 km/h) max
63 mph (101 km/h) average (1950–1955)
Route map
Distance Station
419.2 mi (675 km) Minneapolis
Mississippi River
(Stone Arch Bridge)
408.6 mi (658 km) Saint Paul
St. Croix River (MN/WI border)
323.1 mi (520 km) Eau Claire, WI
238.9 mi (384 km) Wyeville, WI
Wisconsin River
(Castle Rock Lake)
209.5 mi (337 km) Adams, WI
148 mi (238 km) South Beaver Dam, WI
85 mi (137 km) Milwaukee (C&NW Lakefront)
61.9 mi (100 km) Racine, WI
Wisconsin/Illinois border
12 mi (19 km) Evanston, IL
0 mi (0 km) Chicago (C&NW Terminal)

The 400 (later named the Twin Cities 400) was a named passenger train operated by the Chicago and North Western Railway between Chicago and Saint Paul, with a final stop in Minneapolis. The train took its name from the schedule of 400 miles between the cities in 400 minutes, and was also a nod to "The Four Hundred Club", a term coined by Ward McAllister to refer to the social elite of New York City in the late 19th century. It was an express train with limited stops between Chicago and the Twin Cities. It ran from 1935 to 1963 and spawned a number of "400" trains.

1934 had seen the introduction of lightweight streamlined trains in the United States. The railroads hoped these futuristic trains would stem the tide of customers turning away from train travel. The Chicago and North Western Railway had not invested in this new technology, but decided to upgrade track and motive power for higher speeds with heavyweight, steam-powered trains.

C&NW made their first upgrades in 1934 along the 85-mile (137 km) line between Chicago and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, introducing the 90-minute Pacemaker service to compete with the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad (Milwaukee Road) which introduced a similar train. Attention then turned to faster trains to Saint Paul: The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad ran a Zephyr demonstration train between Chicago and the Twin Cities that summer with the intent to run regular service the next year, and the Milwaukee Road introduced similar plans.


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Wikipedia

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