Tuho
| Pitch-pot | |||||||||
Koreans playing tuho
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| Touhu | |||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | 投壺 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 投壶 | ||||||||
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| Tōko | |||||||||
| Kanji | 投壺 | ||||||||
| Kana | とうこ | ||||||||
| Tuho | |||||||||
| Hangul | 투호 or 투호놀이 |
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| Hanja | 投壺 | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | tóuhú |
| Wade–Giles | t'ou hu |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Revised Romanization | Tuho or Tuho-nori |
| McCune–Reischauer | Tuho or Tuho-nori |
Pitch-pot (Chinese: Touhu, Korean: Tuho, Japanese: Tōko) is a traditional East Asian game that requires players to throw sticks from a set distance into a large, sometimes ornate, canister. "Pitch-pot" is a literal translation of the two Chinese characters in the name (as in "pitch it into the pot"), and is used in Sinological literature.
The game had originated by the Warring States period of China, probably invented by archers or soldiers as a pastime during idle periods. The game began as a game of skill or a drinking game at parties, but by the time it was described in a chapter of the Chinese Classic Book of Rites, it had acquired Confucian moral overtones. Initially popular among elites, it spread to other classes and remained popular in China until the end of the Qing Dynasty. During this time it also spread to Korea and Japan. Today, its popularity in Korea is highest.
The following description is from the Book of Rites, following James Legge's translation.
1. According to the rules for Pitch-pot, the host carries the arrows in both his hands put together; the superintendent of the archery carries in the same way the stand on which the tallies were placed; and an attendant holds in his hand the pot.
2. The host entreats (one of the guests), saying, 'I have here these crooked arrows, and this pot with its wry mouth; but we beg you to amuse yourself with them.' The guest says, 'I have partaken, Sir, of your excellent drink and admirable viands; allow me to decline this further proposal for my pleasure.' The host rejoins, 'It is not worth the while for you to decline these poor arrows and pot; let me earnestly beg you to try them.' The guest repeats his refusal, saying, 'I have partaken (of your entertainment), and you would still further have me enjoy myself;--I venture firmly to decline.' The host again addresses his request in the same words, and then the guest says, 'I have firmly declined what you request, but you will not allow me to refuse;--I venture respectfully to obey you.'
The guest then bows twice, and signifies that he will receive (the arrows). The host wheels round, saying, 'Let me get out of the way;' and then at the top of the steps on the east, he bows to the guest and gives him the arrows. The guest wheels round, and says, 'Let me get out of the way.'
3. (The host) having bowed, and received the arrows (for himself), advances to the space between the two pillars. He then retires, and returns to his station, motioning also to the guest to go to his mat (for pitching from).
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Wikipedia