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Trichloroethene

Trichloroethylene
Trikloreten.svg
Trichloroethylene.png
Trichloroethylene-3D-vdW.png
Names
IUPAC name
trichloroethene
Other names
1,1,2-Trichloroethene,
1,1-Dichloro-2-Chloroethylene,
1-Chloro-2,2-Dichloroethylene,
Acetylene Trichloride, TCE, Trethylene, Triclene, Tri, Trimar, Trilene, HCC-1120
Identifiers
79-01-6 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
Interactive image
Interactive image
Abbreviations TCE
ChEBI CHEBI:16602 N
ChEMBL ChEMBL279816 YesY
ChemSpider 13837280 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.062
EC Number 201-61-04
KEGG C06790 YesY
PubChem 6575
RTECS number KX4550000
UNII 290YE8AR51 YesY
Properties
C2HCl3
Molar mass 131.4 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor chloroform-like
Density 1.46 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point −84.8 °C (−120.6 °F; 188.3 K)
Boiling point 87.2 °C (189.0 °F; 360.3 K)
1.280 g/L
Solubility ether, ethanol, chloroform
Vapor pressure 58 mmHg/0.076 atm (20°C)
-65.8·10−6 cm3/mol
1.4777 at 19.8 °C
Pharmacology
N01AB05 (WHO)
Hazards
Main hazards Harmful if swallowed or inhaled, carcinogenic
Safety data sheet See: data page
Mallinckrodt Baker
NFPA 704
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g., canola oil Health code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g., chloroform Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
420 °C (788 °F; 693 K)
Explosive limits 8%-10.5%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
8450 ppm (mouse, 4 hr)
26300 (rat, 1 hr)
2900 ppm (human)
37,200 ppm (guinea pig, 40 min)
5952 ppm (cat, 2 hr)
8000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
11,000 (rabbit)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 100 ppm C 200 ppm 300 ppm (5-minute maximum peak in any 2 hours)
REL (Recommended)
Ca
IDLH (Immediate danger)
Ca [1000 ppm]
Related compounds
Related vinyl halide
vinyl chloride
Related compounds
chloroform
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Supplementary data page
Refractive index (n),
Dielectric constantr), etc.
Thermodynamic
data
Phase behaviour
solid–liquid–gas
UV, IR, NMR, MS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

The chemical compound trichloroethylene is a halocarbon commonly used as an industrial solvent. It is a clear non-flammable liquid with a sweet smell. It should not be confused with the similar 1,1,1-trichloroethane, which is commonly known as chlorothene.

The IUPAC name is trichloroethene. Industrial abbreviations include TCE, trichlor, Trike, Tricky and tri. It has been sold under a variety of trade names. Under the trade names Trimar and Trilene, trichloroethylene was used as a volatile anesthetic and as an inhaled obstetrical analgesic in millions of patients.

Pioneered by Imperial Chemical Industries in Britain, its development was hailed as an anesthetic revolution. Originally thought to possess less hepatotoxicity than chloroform, and without the unpleasant pungency and flammability of ether, TCE use was nonetheless soon found to have several pitfalls. These included promotion of cardiac arrhythmias, low volatility and high solubility preventing quick anesthetic induction, reactions with soda lime used in carbon dioxide absorbing systems, prolonged neurologic dysfunction when used with soda lime, and evidence of hepatotoxicity as had been found with chloroform.

The introduction of halothane in 1956 greatly diminished the use of TCE as a general anesthetic. TCE was still used as an inhalation analgesic in childbirth given by self-administration. Fetal toxicity and concerns for carcinogenic potential of TCE led to its abandonment in developed countries by the 1980s.

Due to concerns about its toxicity, the use of trichloroethylene in the food and pharmaceutical industries has been banned in much of the world since the 1970s. Legislation has forced the substitution of trichloroethylene in many processes in Europe as the chemical was classified as a carcinogen carrying an R45 risk phrase, May cause cancer. Many degreasing chemical alternatives are being promoted such as Ensolv and Leksol; however, each of these is based on n-propyl bromide which carries an R60 risk phrase of May impair fertility, and they would not be a legally acceptable substitute.


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Wikipedia

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