Halothane
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| AHFS/Drugs.com | FDA Professional Drug Information |
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inhalation |
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| Metabolism | Hepatic (CYP2E1) |
| Excretion | kidney, respiratory |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.270 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C2HBrClF3 |
| Molar mass | 197.381 g/mol |
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Halothane, sold under the brandname Fluothane among others, is a general anesthetic. It can be used to start or maintain anaesthesia. One of its benefits is that it does not increase the production of saliva which can be particularly useful in those who are difficult to intubate. It is used by inhalation. Halothane is a chiral molecule that is used as a racemic mixture.
Side effects include an irregular heartbeat, decreased effort to breathe (respiratory depression), and liver problems. It should not be used in people with porphyria or a history of malignant hyperthermia either in themselves or their family members. It is unclear whether use during pregnancy is harmful to the baby, and it is not generally recommended for use during a cesarean section.
Halothane was discovered in 1955. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. As of 2014 the wholesale cost in the developing world is about 22 to 52 USD for a 250 ml bottle. Its use in developed countries has been mostly replaced by newer agents such as sevoflurane. It is no longer commercially available in the United States.
It is a potent anesthetic with a MAC of 0.74%. Its blood/gas partition coefficient of 2.4 makes it an agent with moderate induction and recovery time. It is not a good analgesic and its muscle relaxation effect is moderate.
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