Treia
| Treia | ||
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| Comune | ||
| Comune di Treia | ||
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 Treia
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| Coordinates: 43°18′40″N 13°18′45″E / 43.31111°N 13.31250°ECoordinates: 43°18′40″N 13°18′45″E / 43.31111°N 13.31250°E | ||
| Country | Italy | |
| Region | Marche | |
| Province / Metropolitan city | Macerata (MC) | |
| Frazioni | Passo di Treia, Chiesanuova di Treia, Santa Maria in Selva, Camporota | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 93 km2 (36 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 342 m (1,122 ft) | |
| Population (31 December 2004) | ||
| • Total | 9,606 | |
| • Density | 100/km2 (270/sq mi) | |
| Demonym(s) | Treiesi | |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | |
| Postal code | 62010 | |
| Dialing code | 0733 | |
| Patron saint | St. Patrick | |
| Saint day | March 17 | |
| Website | Official website | |
Treia is a town and comune in the province of Macerata in the central Marche (Italy). It is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of Pollenza, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Macerata, and 18 kilometres (11 mi) north-northeast of Tolentino.
The site of the abandoned Roman municipium of Trea is situated in the middle valley of the River Potenza, some 30 km from the Adriatic shore. The town was located on a dominant plateau, 1 km north-west of present-day Treia, and just 3 km east of Monte Pitino, in an agrarian area around the church and convent of SS. Crocifisso.
The only remaining visible ruins are two small sections of the former city walls, partly incorporated in a now abandoned farm house. Since the 16th century many isolated finds as well as epigraphic monuments concerning Trea have been discovered in the general area. The first major excavations by Fortunato Benigni in the late 18th century determined the town’s approximate location and revealed parts of its walls, a basilica and a sanctuary with possible thermal building, located under the convent of SS. Crocifisso.
Treia is said to have been founded by the Sabine people in 380 BCE. Although the precise origin of the site remains unknown, its location on an elevated plateau near the Picene hilltop site of Monte Pitino could indicate that it was already a pre-Roman center. It became a Roman municipium shortly after 49 BC and it is possible that its circuit wall was erected around that time.
The Roman town flourished between the reigns of Augustus and Antoninus Pius, as indicated by the large collection of funerary monuments, statuary and epigraphic evidence.
Large Egyptian religious statues of the Roman period have been found and are kept in the town's museum: they are unique in the Marche.
The later phases of Trea are less well documented and the last epigraphic evidence dates from the 4th century AD. However, according to some archaeological finds from early excavations and surveys, later habitation in Trea, at least until the 7th century AD, can be assumed.
It is imaginable that during the Early Middle Ages the remaining habitation was restructured in connection with a modest early Christian sanctuary for the plebs, here to be located at the site of SS. Crocifisso. Although this sanctuary is only found in documents from the mid-12th century onwards, many early medieval spolia used in the later church of SS. Crocifisso indicate the presence of a much earlier phase. Around AD 1000 the population probably moved towards the more easily defensible hill-site of Montecchio (later called Treia) and the original town site remained practically deserted.
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Wikipedia