Tivoli Gardens

Tivoli Gardens

The entrance to Tivoli, illuminated at night
Location	Copenhagen, Denmark
Coordinates	55°40′25″N 12°34′06″E / 55.67361°N 12.56833°E / 55.67361; 12.56833Coordinates: 55°40′25″N 12°34′06″E / 55.67361°N 12.56833°E / 55.67361; 12.56833
Owner	Tivoli A/S
Operated by	Tivoli A/S
General Manager	Lars Liebst
Opened	1843; 174 years ago (1843)
Visitors per annum	4,733,000 in 2015
Area	82,717 square metres (20 acres)
Rides
Total	27
Roller coasters	4
Website	Tivoli.dk

Tivoli Gardens (or simply Tivoli) is a famous amusement park and pleasure garden in Copenhagen, Denmark. The park opened on 15 August 1843.

With 4.733 million visitors in 2015, Tivoli is the second-most popular seasonal theme park in the world, the most-visited theme park in Scandinavia and the fourth most-visited in Europe, only behind Disneyland Paris, Europa-Park Rust and the Efteling.

The amusement park was first called "Tivoli & Vauxhall"; "Tivoli" alluding to the Jardin de Tivoli in Paris (which in its turn had been named from Tivoli near Rome, Italy),"Vauxhall" alluding to the Vauxhall Gardens in London. It is also mentioned in various books, like Number the Stars by Lois Lowry.

Tivoli's founder, Georg Carstensen (b. 1812 – d. 1857), obtained a five-year charter to create Tivoli by telling King Christian VIII that "when the people are amusing themselves, they do not think about politics". The monarch granted Carstensen use of roughly 15 acres (61,000 m²) of the fortified glacis outside Vesterport (the West Gate) for an annual rent. Therefore, until the 1850s, Tivoli was outside the city, accessible through Vesterport.

From the very start, Tivoli included a variety of attractions: buildings in the exotic style of an imaginary Orient: a theatre, band stands, restaurants and cafés, flower gardens, and mechanical amusement rides such as a merry-go-round and a primitive scenic railway. After dark, colored lamps illuminated the gardens. On certain evenings, specially designed fireworks could be seen reflected in Tivoli's lake.