Tium

Tium (Greek: Τῖον) was an ancient settlement, now known as Filyos, on the south coast of the Black Sea at the mouth of the river Billaeus in present-day Turkey.

Apart from Tium, Latinized forms of the name are Teium,Tieium and Tius, corresponding to the Greek names Τεῖον (Teion), Τιεῖον (Tieion), Τῖον (Tion) and Τῖος (Tios).

The town was founded as a colony from the Greek city of Miletus Miletus in the 7th century BC. According to Strabo, the town was only remarkable as the birthplace of Philetaerus, founder of the royal dynasty of Pergamon.

At the beginning of the 3rd century BC, together with Cromna, Cytorus, and Sesamus, Tium was incorporated with the new city of Amastris. Of the four towns, Tium alone, probably in 282 BC, recovered its autonomous status.

Tium was part of Bithynia, which on the death of King Nicomedes IV in 74 BC became a Roman province. Emperor Theodosius I (379–392) incorporated it into Honorias, when he carved out this new province from portions of Bithynia and Paphlagonia and named it after his younger son Honorius. In 535, the Emperor Justinian united Honorias with Paphlagonia in a decree that expressly mentioned Tium among the cities that were affected.

Tium was a bishopric from at least the 4th century, a suffragan of Claudiopolis, capital and metropolitan see of Honorias.

Le Quien (Oriens christianus, I, 575) mentions among its bishops:

This see figures in all the Notitiae episcopatuum.

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