Titanium(IV) chloride

Titanium tetrachloride

Names
IUPAC name Titanium tetrachloride
Systematic IUPAC name Tetrachlorotitanium
Other names Titanium(IV) chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7550-45-0 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	22615 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.584
EC Number	231-441-9
MeSH	Titanium+tetrachloride
PubChem CID	24193
RTECS number	XR1925000
UN number	1838
InChI InChI=1S/4ClH.Ti/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 Y Key: XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J Y InChI=1/4ClH.Ti/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4/rCl4Ti/c1-5(2,3)4 Key: XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-FOGBWSKZAG
SMILES Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl
Properties
Chemical formula	TiCl 4
Molar mass	189.679 g/mol
Appearance	Colourless liquid
Odor	penetrating acid odor
Density	1.726 g/cm3
Melting point	−24.1 °C (−11.4 °F; 249.1 K)
Boiling point	136.4 °C (277.5 °F; 409.5 K)
Solubility in water	Reacts
Solubility	soluble in ethanol, HCl
Vapor pressure	1.3 kPa (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−54.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.61 (10.5 °C)
Viscosity	827 μPa s
Structure
Coordination geometry	Tetragonal
Molecular shape	Tetrahedral
Dipole moment	0 D
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (So298)	355 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	−763 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet	MSDS
EU classification (DSD)	C
R-phrases	R14, R34
S-phrases	(S1/2), S7/8, S26, S30, S36/37/39, S45
NFPA 704	0 3 2 W
Related compounds
Related titanium chlorides	Titanium(II) chloride Titanium(III) chloride
Related compounds	Hafnium(IV) chloride Titanium(IV) bromide Titanium(IV) fluoride Titanium(IV) iodide Zirconium(IV) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Titanium(III) chloride

Titanium(IV) bromide
Titanium(IV) fluoride
Titanium(IV) iodide
Zirconium(IV) chloride

Titanium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula TiCl₄. It is an important intermediate in the production of titanium metal and the pigment titanium dioxide. TiCl₄ is an unusual example of a metal halide that is highly volatile. Upon contact with humid air, it forms spectacular opaque clouds of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is sometimes referred to as "tickle" due to the phonetic resemblance of its molecular formula (TiCl₄) to the word.

TiCl₄ is a dense, colourless distillable liquid, although crude samples may be yellow or even red-brown. It is one of the rare transition metal halides that is a liquid at room temperature, VCl₄ being another example. This property reflects the fact that TiCl₄ is molecular; that is, each TiCl₄ molecule is relatively weakly associated with its neighbours. Most metal chlorides are polymers, wherein the chloride atoms bridge between the metals. The attraction between the individual TiCl₄ molecules is weak, primarily van der Waals forces, and these weak interactions result in low melting and boiling points, similar to those of CCl₄.