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Tierra Firma

Province of Tierra Firme
Provincia de Tierra Firme
Spanish colony
1510–1537

Cross of Burgundy flag
Cross of Burgundy

Spanish map of the Tierra Firme
Capital Santa María la Antigua del Darién
Panama City
Languages Spanish
Religion Roman Catholicism
Government Monarchy
King
 •  1516–1556 Charles I
Historical era Spanish Empire
 •  Established 1510
 •  Creation of the Viceroyalty of Peru 1537
Currency Peso
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Viceroyalty of Peru
Captaincy General of Venezuela

Cross of Burgundy flag
Cross of Burgundy

During Spain's New World Empire, its mainland coastal possessions surrounding the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico were referred to collectively as the Spanish Main. The southern portion of these coastal possessions were known as the Province of Tierra Firme, or the "Mainland province" (as contrasted with Spain's nearby insular colonies).

In 1509, authority was granted to Alonso de Ojeda and Diego de Nicuesa to colonize the territories between the west side of the Gulf of Urabá and Cabo de la Vela, and Urabá westward to Cabo Gracias a Dios in present-day Honduras. The westernmost portion was given the name Tierra Firme. Other provinces of this region during this era were Nueva Andalucia and Veragua or Castilla del Oro; the main city in Tierra Firme was Santa Maria La Antigua del Darién, now Darién, Panama, near at mouth of the Tarena river. The idea was to create a unitary administrative organization similar to Nueva España (now Mexico), near the Captaincy General of Guatemala.


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