Thillai Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram
| Chidambaram Temple | |
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 Chidambaram Temple
Location in Tamil Nadu
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| Name | |
| Proper name | Chidambaram Thillai Natarajar-Koothan Koil |
| Tamil | சிதம்பரம் |
| Geography | |
| Coordinates | 11°23′58″N 79°41′36″E / 11.39944°N 79.69333°ECoordinates: 11°23′58″N 79°41′36″E / 11.39944°N 79.69333°E |
| Country | India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District | Cuddalore District |
| Location | Chidambaram |
| Culture | |
| Primary deity | Nataraja (Thillai Koothan - Shiva) |
| Consort | Sivagama Sundari |
| Festival deity | Nataraja |
| Festival consort | Sivagama Sundari |
| Architecture | |
| Architectural styles | Tamil architecture |
Thillai Natarajar Temple, Chidambaram or Chidambaram temple is a Tamil Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva located in the town of Chidambaram, Cuddalore District, East-Central Tamil Nadu, South India. The temple is known as one of the foremost of all temples (Kovil) in Shaivism and has influenced worship, architecture, sculpture and performance art for over two millennium. It is also famous for the annual Natyanjali dance festival on Maha Shivaratri. The Sangam classics list chief architect Viduvelvidugu Perumthachchan as directing an early renovation of the shrine.
A major shrine of Lord Shiva worship since the classical period, there have been several renovations and offerings to Chidambaram by the Pallava, Chola, Pandya, Vijayanagara and Chera royals in the ancient and pre-medieval periods. The temple as it stands now is mainly of the 12th and 13th centuries, with later additions in similar style. Its bronze statues and stone sculptures depicting various deities and the famous Thillai trees (Excoecaria agallocha) of the surrounding forest reflect the highpoints of early Chola and Pallava art while its famed gold plated gopuram towers are medieval structural additions by the royals Aditya I, Parantaka Chola I, Kopperunchinga I, Krishnadevaraya and Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan. King Kocengannan Chola was born following prayers his parents offered at the temple and later in his life he refined its structure. The shrine gave the town its name.
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