Thai National Anthem
Lyrics of the Thai national anthem, published in the Royal Thai Government Gazette on December 10, 1939.
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National anthem of  Thailand
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| Lyrics | Luang Saranupraphan, 1939 |
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| Music | Phra Chenduriyang, 1932 |
| Adopted | 1939 (with current lyrics) |
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The national anthem of Thailand was adopted on 10 December 1939. The melody was composed by German composer Phra Chenduriyang (Peter Veit) and the words are by Luang Saranupraphan. Phleng Chat (Thai: เพลงชาติ), literally meaning "national anthem", is a general word for national anthem. Phleng Chat Thai (Thai: เพลงชาติไทย), Thailand's national anthem, is also used to refer to this specific song.
The anthem was composed a few days after the 1932 coup in the tune vaguely similar to the national anthem of Poland, Poland Is Not Yet Lost, and was first broadcast in July 1932. The original lyrics were by Khun Wichitmatra.
Before 1932, Sansoen Phra Barami (the Royal Anthem) was used as the national anthem of Siam.
In 1934, Thai government launched competitions for the official national anthem, for both melody and lyrics. Jangwang Tua Patayakosol composed a tune in a traditional style called "Phleng Maha Nimit", but Phra Jenduriyang's melody was selected because it sounded more modern. After that, in the competition for the lyrics with Phra Jenduriyang's music, the original words by Khun Wichitmatra took first prize. They were in use until 1939, with a minor edit and an additional version written by second prize winner Chan Khamvilai (ฉันท์ ขำวิไล) adopted in 1934.
In 1939, when the name of the country was changed from Siam to Thailand, a competition was launched to create new lyrics, with those by Luang Saranupraphan winning. Prime minister Phibunsongkhram ordered the anthem to be played every day at 08:00 and 18:00, and ordered the populace to stand up to show respect for the nation. Nowadays, the morning and evening anthems correspond to the hoisting and lowering of the national flags in public areas (e.g. schools, workplaces, public buildings), respectively; hence, the anthem is broadcast by both radio and television channels twice per day.
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