Thomas Alan Goldsborough (September 16, 1877 – June 16, 1951) was a U.S. politician and federal judge.
Born in Greensboro, Caroline County, Maryland, Goldsborough attended the public schools and the local academy at Greensboro. He received a B.A. from Washington College of Chestertown, Maryland, in 1899. In 1901, he graduated with an LL.B. from the law department of the University of Maryland at Baltimore, was admitted to the bar the same year, and commenced practice in Denton, Maryland. He served as prosecuting attorney for Caroline County, Maryland, from 1904 to 1908, returning to private practice from 1908 to 1921.
Goldsborough was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-seventh Congress, beginning his Congressional service on March 4, 1921. He was reelected to the nine succeeding Congresses. He also served as regent of the Smithsonian Institution from 1932-1939. On January 20, 1939, Goldsborough was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a new seat on the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, created by 52 Stat. 584. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 16, 1939, and received his commission on February 23, 1939. He thereafter resigned his seat in Congress on April 5, 1939 to assume his judicial office. Goldsborough served in that capacity until his death, in 1951, in Washington, D.C.. He is interred in Denton Cemetery of Denton, Maryland.