Sweeny is a city in Brazoria County, Texas, United States, the westernmost incorporated town in the county. The population was 3,684 at the 2010 census. The city's motto is "A City With Pride". The city is also known as Adamston.

Sweeny is 30 feet (9.1 m) above sea level and is 20 miles (32 km) from the Gulf of Mexico. The San Bernard River flows 1-mile (1.6 km) east of city limits. The town is in a dense forest on coastal plains.

Sweeny is at the intersections of Texas Farm to Market Roads 1459 and 524 along the Missouri Pacific Railroad twenty miles southwest of Angleton in west central Brazoria County.

The Union Pacific Railroad cuts a path through a small piece of the south side of Sweeny, with two grade crossings and a railyard. Train speeds through here usually range from 35 to 60 miles per hour (56 to 97 km/h).

At the 2000 census, there were 3,624 people, 1,338 households and 974 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,946.6 per square mile (752.3/km²). There were 1,444 housing units at an average density of 775.6 per square mile (299.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 75.25% White, 15.78% African American, 1.02% Native American, 0.41% Asian, 5.99% from other races, and 1.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13.71% of the population.

There were 1,338 households of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.2% were non-families. 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.14.

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