Svyatoslav Fyodorov

Svyatoslav Nikolayevich Fyodorov
Svyatoslav Fyodorov
Born	August 8, 1927 Proskurov, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
Died	June 2, 2000(2000-06-02) (aged 72) Moscow, Russia
Education	Rostov Medical Institute
Known for	Creating radial keratotomy, scleroplasty and intraocular lens replacement
Medical career
Profession	Surgeon and politician
Institutions	Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Complex
Specialism	Ophthalmology, eye surgery,
Notable prizes	Lomonosov Gold Medal (1986)

Svyatoslav Nikolayevich Fyodorov (Russian: Святослав Николаевич Фёдоров; born August 8, 1927 – June 2, 2000) was a Russian ophthalmologist, politician, professor, full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. He is considered to be a pioneer of refractive surgery.

Fyodorov was born in Proskurov, Ukrainian SSR (now Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine), to ethnic Russian parents. Fyodorov graduated from Rostov Medical Institute in Rostov on Don, then worked as a practicing ophthalmologist in a small town in Rostov Oblast.

In the 1960s he studied the pioneering work of the English ophthalmic surgeon Sir Harold Ridley, the inventor of the intraocular lens (IOL). Fyodorov began to use Ridley's intraocular lenses in his treatment of cataract. At first he used lenses manufactured by the Rayner company in England but he quickly moved to have his lenses manufactured inside the Soviet Union.

In 1973 he developed a new surgical technique to cure the early stage of the glaucoma, called Trabeculectomy.

In the 1970s he developed the surgical technique he is most famous for, the radial keratotomy, to change the shape of the cornea and cure myopia. In 1986, Fyodorov designed the first posterior chamber phakic IOL in the "collar-button" or "mushroom" configuration and manufactured the pIOL from silicone. In 1980 he became the head of the Moscow Research Institute of Eye Microsurgery. In 1988 he founded the Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Complex.