Sultanate of Cirebon
| Sultanate of Cirebon | ||||||||||
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| Capital | Cirebon | |||||||||
| Languages | Javanese, Sundanese, Cirebon | |||||||||
| Religion | Islam | |||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | |||||||||
| Panembahan, Susuhunan (Sunan), Sultan | ||||||||||
| • | 1445-1479 | Prince Cakrabuana | ||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Establishment of Caruban settlement | 1445 | ||||||||
| • | Cirebon Independence from Sunda Kingdom | 1479 | ||||||||
| • | First disintegration of the Cirebon Sultanante | 1677 | ||||||||
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The Sultanate of Cirebon (Indonesian: Kesultanan Cirebon, Sundanese: Kasultanan Cirebon) was an Islamic sultanate in West Java founded in the 15th century. It is said to have been founded by Sunan Gunungjati, marked by his letter proclaimed Cirebon's independence from Pajajaran in 1482, although the settlement and the polity had been established earlier in 1445. Sunan Gunungjati also established the Sultanate of Banten. It was one of the earliest Islamic states established in Java, around the same period with the Sultanate of Demak.
The sultanate court lies near the modern day city of Cirebon on West Java's north coast. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, the sultanate thrived and became the region's centre of trade and commerce, as well as served as an Islamic learning and dissemination centre. The sultanate split into four royal houses, starting in 1677. Today there are four kratons (palaces) in Cirebon; Keraton Kasepuhan, Kraton Kanoman, Keraton Kacirebonan, and Keraton Keprabonan, each has their own lineage and all are the descendants and remnants of the Cirebon Sultanate.
Most of the history of Cirebon Sultanate was found in a local Javanese chronicle known as Babad. Some notable chronicles that focused on the history of Cirebon are Carita Purwaka Caruban Nagari and Babad Cerbon. Foreign sources also mentioned Cirebon, such as Tomé Pires' Suma Oriental, written in 1512-1515. The later period of the sultanate documented from the colonial Dutch East Indies sources. Other than recording its own history, one of the royal houses of Cirebon, especially Keraton Keprabonan led by Wangsakerta princes, also actively recorded and researched the history of Java by collecting old manuscripts.
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