Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqarah

Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqarah
A portrait of Sultan Husayn Mirza, from an early illustrated manuscript.
Reign	1469  – 4 May 1506
Predecessor	Mirza Abul-Qasim Babur Abu Sa'id Mirza
Successor	Badi' al-Zaman Mirza & Muzaffar Husayn Mirza
Born	June 1438 Herat, present-day Afghanistan
Died	4 May 1506 (age 68) Baba Ilahi, Khurasan
Burial	Herat, present-day Afghanistan
Spouse	Bega Sultan Begum Chuli Tulak Begum Shahar Banu Begum Payanda Sultan Begum Khadija Begi Aghacha Zainab Sultan Begum Afak Begi Begum Zobeida Sultan Aghacha Baba Aghacha Latifa Sultan Aghacha Mangeli Bi Aghacha Begi Sultan Aghacha
Issue	Badi' al-Zaman Mirza Muzaffar Husayn Mirza Shah Gharīb Mirza Abul Hassan Mirza Muhammad Muhsin Mirza Abu Tarab Mirza Muhammad Husayn Mirza Feridun Husayn Mirza Haider Mirza Muhammad Maasum Mirza Farrukh Husayn Mirza Ibrahim Husayn Mirza Ibn Husayn Mirza Muhammad Qasim Mirza Sultanim Begum Ak Begum Kechek Begum Bega Begum Agha Begum Fatima Sultan Begum Nizhad Sultan Begum Sa'adat Bakht Begum Aisha Sultan Begum Maryam Sultan Begum Munawar Sultan Begum
Full name Husayn Mirza bin Mansur bin Bayqarah bin Umar Shaikh bin Timur
House	Timurid
Dynasty	Timurid dynasty
Father	Mansur Mirza
Mother	Firoza Sultan Begum
Religion	Islam

Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqara (Persian: حسین بایقرا‎‎ / Husayn Bāyqarā) was born in Herat in June–July 1438 C.E. to Ghiyas ud-din Mansur Mirza son of Bayqarah Mirza I son of Umar Shaikh Mirza I son of Amir Timur Beg Gurkani. He was the Timurid ruler of Herat from 1469 until May 4, 1506, with a brief interruption in 1470.

Ghiyas ud-din Mansur Mirza of the Barlas tribe was married to Firoza Sultan Begum daughter of Sultan Husayn son of Muhammad Beg son of Amir Musa of the powerful Tayichiud tribe. To them were born two sons named Bayqara Mirza II and Sultan Husayn Mirza as well as two daughters. Sultan Husayn Mirza in addition to Timurid and Genghis Khanid lines also claimed descent in the ninth generation from Khwaja Abdullah Ansari of Herat also known as Pir-e-Herat (Sage of Herat). His father died when he was around seven or eight years of age. Given that his father was not a noteworthy personality in the Timurid family he took the name Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqarah after his more illustrious grandfather. After consulting with his mother he entered the service of his older cousin Mirza Abul-Qasim Babur bin Baysonqor, ruler of Herat, in 1452. Mirza Abul-Qasim Babur was not the best ruler. He mismanaged his territory and went into battle against Abu Sa'id Mirza, the Timurid ruler of Samarkand. Sultan Husayn Mirza not happy with his employment tried to go over to Abu Sa'id Mirza by meeting with him. Although Abu Sa'id was inclined to take him into his service, a rebellion on part of Sultan Husayn Mirza's relative, Sultan Awais Mirza son of Muhammad Mirza son of Bayqarah Mirza, induced Abu Sa'id to arrest Sultan Husayn Mirza and other relatives as a precaution. Eventually on the plea of his mother, Firoza Begum, he was freed and he rejoined Mirza Abul-Qasim Babur bin Baysonqor till Baburs' death two years later.