Suiyuan Province

Suiyuan (traditional Chinese: 綏遠; simplified Chinese: 绥远; pinyin: Suíyuǎn; Wade–Giles: Sui-yuan) was a historical province of China. Suiyuan's capital was Guisui (now Hohhot). The abbreviation was 綏 (pinyin: suí). The area Suiyuan covered is approximated today by the prefecture-level cities of Hohhot, Baotou, Wuhai, Ordos, Bayan Nur, and parts of Ulaan Chab, all today part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Suiyuan was named after a district in the capital established in the Qing Dynasty.

In the early 1930s Suiyuan was occupied by the Shanxi warlord Yan Xishan, who mined Suiyuan's iron, reorganized the province's finances, and brought over 4,000 acres (16 km²) of land under cultivation for the first time. Most of the work and settlement of Suiyuan at this time was done by Shanxi farmer-soldiers under the direction of retired officers from Yan's army. Yan's control of Suiyuan was sufficient to cause one visiting reporter to refer to Suiyuan as a "colony" of Shanxi.

The Suiyuan Campaign took place in Suiyuan during the Second Sino Japanese War. It became a part of the puppet state of Mengjiang from 1937 to 1945 under Japanese rule.

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