Suboxone
| Combination of | |
|---|---|
| Buprenorphine | Opioid modulator |
| Naloxone | Opioid antagonist |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Suboxone, Bunavail, Zubsolv |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | suboxone |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration |
Sublingual |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Identifiers | |
| PubChem CID | |
| KEGG | |
Buprenorphine/naloxone (trade name Suboxone) is a combination drug formulation of buprenorphine, a μ-opioid receptor (MOR) weak partial agonist and κ-opioid receptor antagonist, and naloxone, a MOR silent antagonist, in a 4:1 ratio. It is used in the treatment of opioid dependence. The purpose of naloxone is to deter intravenous abuse; parenteral administration rapidly induces opioid withdrawal symptoms, while regular, intended use does not (as naloxone is minimally bioavailable with sublingual ingestion).
This combination is available as sublingual tablets or film.
Buprenorphine/naloxone is used for the treatment of opioid dependence in combination with psychosocial support and counseling for the patient. It has been found to be effective for treating opioid dependence, as is the first line medication according to U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Contraindications are severe respiratory or liver impairment and acute alcoholism.
Side effects are basically the same as those of buprenorphine and other opioids. In addition, naloxone can induce withdrawal symptoms in people who are addicted to opioids. Buprenorphine/naloxone has a milder side effect profile than methadone, and has limited respiratory effects, due to both agonist/antagonist effects. However, buprenorpine/naloxone is less safe than methadone in patients with stable liver disease.
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