Subcarpathian Ruthenia

Carpathian Ruthenia
Region of Czechoslovakia
←   ←   ← 1919–1939 1944–1945 →   →   →
Flag of Czechoslovakia Coat of arms
Subcarpathian Rus within Czechoslovakia (1928)
Capital		Užhorod (1919–1938) Chust (1938–1939)
Historical era		Interwar period
•	Paris Peace Conference	1919
•	First Vienna Award	2 November 1938
•	Independence as Carpatho-Ukraine	14 March 1939
•	Hungarian annexation	15 March 1939
•	Integration into the Soviet Union	29 June 1945
Area
•	1921	12,097 km2(4,671 sq mi)
Population
•	1921	592,044
	Density	48.9 /km2  (126.8 /sq mi)
Today part of		Ukraine

Carpathian Ruthenia, also known as Transcarpathian Ruthenia, Transcarpathian Ukraine, Transcarpathia, Rusinko, Subcarpathian Rus′, Hungarian Ruthenia or Subcarpathia, is a historical region in Central Europe.

The nomenclature of the region depends on nationality, language/dialect, geographical perspective and political point of view.

The name Carpathian Ruthenia is sometimes used for a contiguous cross-border area of Ukraine, Slovakia and Poland occupied by members of the Rusyn minority. Most Rusyns, however, use the term Zakarpattia (Trans-Carpathia; literally "beyond the Carpathian mountains"). This is contrasted implicitly with Prykarpattia (Ciscarpathia; " Near-Carpathia), an unofficial region in Ukraine, to the immediate north-east of the central area of the Carpathian Range, and potentially including its foothills, the Subcarpathian basin and part of the surrounding plains.

Under suppression of Ukraine some Ruthenians and Hungarians identified themselves as Ukrainians. Carpathian Ruthenia is usually known as Transcarpathia.

From a Hungarian, Slovak and Czech perspective the region is usually described as Subcarpathia (literally "below the Carpathians"), although technically this name refers only to a long, narrow basin that flanks the northern side of the mountains.

During the period in which the region was administered by the Hungarian states it was officially referred to in Hungarian as Subcarpathia (Hungarian: Kárpátalja) or North-Eastern Upper Hungary.

The Romanian name of the region is Maramureş. Romania includes the southern Maramureş region, on the south bank of the Tisa river. The name of the mountains themselves is "Carpații Păduroși" which means "Wooden Carpathians". The main city of the Romanian Maramureş region is Sighetu Marmației.

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Wikipedia