State of Bahrain
| State of Bahrain | ||||||||||
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دولة البحرين Dawlat al-Baḥrayn |
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 Location of Bahrain
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| Capital | Manama | |||||||||
| Languages | Arabic | |||||||||
| Religion | Islam | |||||||||
| Government | Absolute monarchy | |||||||||
| Emir | ||||||||||
| • | 1971-1999 | Isa ibn Salman Al Khalifa | ||||||||
| • | 1999-2002 | Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa | ||||||||
| Legislature | National Assembly | |||||||||
| Historical era | 20th century | |||||||||
| • | Established | 15 August 1971 | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 14 February 2002 | ||||||||
| Population | ||||||||||
| • | 1971 est. | 216,078 | ||||||||
| • | 2001 est. | 650,604 | ||||||||
| Currency | Bahraini dinar | |||||||||
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| Today part of |
 Bahrain
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The State of Bahrain (Arabic: دولة البحرين Dawlat al-Baḥrayn) was the name of Bahrain between 1971 and 2002. On 15 August 1971, Bahrain declared independence and signed a new treaty of friendship with the United Kingdom. Bahrain joined the United Nations and the Arab League later in the year. The oil boom of the 1970s benefited Bahrain greatly, although the subsequent downturn hurt the economy. The country had already begun diversification of its economy and benefited further from Lebanese Civil War in the 1970s and 1980s, when Bahrain replaced Beirut as the Middle East's financial hub after Lebanon's large banking sector was driven out of the country by the war.
Following the 1979 Islamic revolution in Iran, in 1981 Bahraini Shī'a fundamentalists orchestrated a failed coup attempt under the auspices of a front organisation, the Islamic Front for the Liberation of Bahrain. The coup would have installed a Shī'a cleric exiled in Iran, Hujjatu l-Islām Hādī al-Mudarrisī, as supreme leader heading a theocratic government. In December 1994, a group of youths threw stones at female runners during an international marathon for running bare-legged. The resulting clash with police soon grew into civil unrest.
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