Spectacle Island (Port Jackson)

Spectacle Island Sydney, New South Wales
Spectacle Island (front) and Cockatoo Island (rear), Sydney Harbour
Spectacle Island
Coordinates	33°50′56″S 151°09′50″E / 33.849°S 151.164°E / -33.849; 151.164Coordinates: 33°50′56″S 151°09′50″E / 33.849°S 151.164°E / -33.849; 151.164
Location	11 km (7 mi) west of Sydney CBD
Localities around Spectacle Island: Sydney Harbour Drummoyne Spectacle Island Cockatoo Island Sydney Harbour

Spectacle Island is an island in the Parramatta River and Sydney Harbour, in Sydney, Australia. It lies in the main channel of the western section of the harbour, upstream of the Harbour Bridge, adjacent to the Sydney suburb of Drummoyne.

The island is historically significant as it is the oldest naval explosives manufacturing and storage complex in Australia (from 1865). Originally built to store government gunpowder, the complex was converted to store naval munitions in 1893, for which purpose it hosts storesheds, jetties and an internal railway system. The island has been significantly increased in size by the use of waste from the nearby Balmain Colliery.

Today, the island is a depository of heritage items of the Royal Australian Navy, and also is the home of Training Ship Sydney, a unit of the Australian Navy Cadets.

Spectacle Island was added to the Commonwealth National Heritage List in June 2004.

Spectacle Island is a small island in Sydney Harbour which was first known as Dawes Island as early as the first year of British settlement in 1788 but was later renamed Spectacle because of its shape, being then two small islands joined by a narrow isthmus.

The colonial government selected Spectacle Island in 1865 as a storage site for the colonial government's gunpowder. Plans for the initial group of buildings (centred around the three-bay main magazine) were drawn up in the office of Colonial Architect James Barnet. The buildings were mainly built of sandstone and had slate roofs; a pair of civilian residences (which later served as the offices and house of the officer in charge) were given verandas. Before long, more buildings were added; the shape of the island began changing as well, and the isthmus was gradually built up.

In 1884 Spectacle Island became the naval armament depot and the colonial government's explosives were removed. Existing buildings were altered and new ones were constructed to suit the new military needs, and the completed installations were at the forefront of munitions handling and storage technology at the time.