Cockatoo Island (New South Wales)
| Australian Convict Sites | |
|---|---|
| Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List | |
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| Location | Australia |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iv, vi |
| Reference | 1306 |
| UNESCO region | Asia-Pacific |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 2010 (34th Session) |
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Cockatoo Island Sydney, New South Wales |
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 Cockatoo Island
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| Coordinates | 33°50′49″S 151°10′16″E / 33.84684°S 151.17115°ECoordinates: 33°50′49″S 151°10′16″E / 33.84684°S 151.17115°E | ||||||||||||
| Population | 2 (2006) | ||||||||||||
| • Density | 11.2/km2 (29/sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| Area | 0.179 km2 (0.1 sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| Location | 10 km (6 mi) west of CBD | ||||||||||||
| State electorate(s) | Drummoyne | ||||||||||||
| Federal Division(s) | Sydney | ||||||||||||
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Cockatoo Island, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located at the junction of the Parramatta and Lane Cove rivers, in Sydney Harbour, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Cockatoo Island is the largest of several islands that were originally heavily timbered sandstone knolls. Originally the Island rose to 18 metres (59 ft) above sea level and was 12.9 hectares (32 acres) but it has been extended to 17.9 hectares (44 acres) and is now cleared of most vegetation. Called Wa-rea-mah by the Indigenous Australians who traditionally inhabited the land prior to European settlement, the island may have been used as a fishing base, although physical evidence of Aboriginal heritage has not been found on the island.
Between 1839 and 1869, Cockatoo Island operated as a convict penal establishment, primarily as a place of secondary punishment for convicts who had re-offended in the colonies.
Cockatoo Island was also the site of one of Australia's biggest shipyards, operating between 1857 and 1991. The first of its two dry docks were built by convicts. Listed on the National Heritage List, the island is significant for its demonstration of the characteristics of a long-running dockyard and shipbuilding complex, including evidence of key functions, structures and operational layout. Cockatoo Island contains the nation's most extensive and varied record of shipbuilding, and has the potential to enhance understanding of maritime and heavy industrial processes in Australia from the mid-19th century.
In July 2010, UNESCO proclaimed Cockatoo Island as a World Heritage Site, and has been managed by the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust since 2001.
The island is managed by the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust which is also responsible for seven other lands around Sydney Harbour. The Harbour Trust is revitalising the island as a landmark harbour attraction with cultural events and heritage interpretation. Today Cockatoo Island retains some remnants of its past. Its prison buildings have been World Heritage listed, part of a serial listing of 11 Australian Convict Sites.
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