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South Travancore

Kingdom of Travancore
തിരുവിതാംകൂർ
Princely state of Pre-Colonial India

Princely state of the British Indian Empire

1729–1949
Travancore Conch in wreath, guarded by two elephants on either side
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem
Vancheesamangalam (Hail the Lord of Vanchi)
Travancore
Kingdom of Travancore in India
Capital Padmanabhapuram (1729–1795)
Thiruvananthapuram (1795–1949)
Languages Malayalam, Tamil
Religion Hinduism, Christianity, Islam
Government Monarchy
Maharaja
 •  1729–1758 (first) Marthanda Varma
 •  1829–1846 (peak) Swathi Thirunal
 •  1931–1949 (last) Chithira Thirunal
Resident
 •  1788–1800 (first) George Powney
 •  1800–1810 Colin Macaulay
 •  1840–1860 (peak) William Cullen
 •  1947 (last) Cosmo Grant Niven Edwards
Historical era Age of Imperialism
 •  Established 1729
 •  British vassal 1795
 •  Indian vassal 1947
 •  Disestablished 1949
Area
 •  1941 19,844 km2 (7,662 sq mi)
Population
 •  1941 est. 6,070,018 
     Density 306/km2 (792/sq mi)
Currency Travancore rupee
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Venad
Travancore-Cochin
Today part of India

Princely state of the British Indian Empire

The Kingdom of Travancore (/ˈtrævəŋkɔər/; Malayalam: തിരുവിതാംകൂർ Thiruvithamkoor, was an Indian kingdom from 1729 until 1949. It was ruled by the Travancore Royal Family from Padmanabhapuram, and later Thiruvananthapuram. At its zenith, the kingdom covered most of modern-day central and southern Kerala with the Thachudaya Kaimal's enclave of Irinjalakuda Koodalmanikkam temple in the neighbouring Kingdom of Cochin, as well as the district of Kanyakumari, now in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The official flag of the state was red with a dextrally-coiled silver conch shell (Turbinella pyrum) at its center. In the early 19th century, the kingdom became a princely state of the British Empire. The Travancore Government took many progressive steps on the socio-economic front and during the reign of Maharajah Sri Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, Travancore became the second most prosperous princely state in British India, with reputed achievements in education, political administration, public work and social reforms.


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