Sophie of Württemberg | |||||
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Portrait by Franz Xaver Winterhalter (1861)
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Queen consort of the Netherlands Grand Duchess of Luxembourg Duchess of Limburg |
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Tenure | 7 March 1849 – 3 June 1877 | ||||
Born |
Ludwigsburg Palace, Stuttgart, Württemberg |
17 June 1818||||
Died | 3 June 1877 Huis ten Bosch, The Hague, Netherlands |
(aged 58)||||
Burial | Nieuwe Kerk, Delft, Netherlands | ||||
Spouse | William III | ||||
Issue |
William, Prince of Orange Prince Maurice Alexander, Prince of Orange |
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House | Württemberg | ||||
Father | William I of Württemberg | ||||
Mother | Catherine Pavlovna of Russia |
Full name | |
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Sophie Frederika Mathilde |
Sophie of Württemberg (Sophia Frederika Mathilde; 17 June 1818 – 3 June 1877) was Queen of the Netherlands as the first wife of King William III.
She was born in Stuttgart; her parents were King William I of Württemberg and Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia, the fourth eldest daughter of Tsar Paul I. Sophie and William were first cousins as their mothers were sisters. Shortly after Sophie’s birth, her mother died, and she was cared for by her aunt, Catharina of Württemberg. She was niece of tsars Alexander I and Nicholas I of Russia and a cousin of Tsar Alexander II, George V of Hanover and England's Queen Victoria.
Prior to her marriage, King Otto of Greece and Duke William of Brunswick were possible suitors for Princess Sophie. The engagement with the first came to nothing because Princess Sophie's ambitious father had no confidence in the newly established Greek monarchy of Otto. Chance prevented a proposal by the second candidate because her father let it be known that Princess Sophie was already betrothed.
She married the Prince of Orange (later King William III) in Stuttgart on 18 June 1839 with the idea that she would in the end succeed in dominating him. The couple returned to the Netherlands and established themselves at the Plein Palace and -after they became king and queen- at the Noordeinde Palace. They had three children. The marriage was not a success. King William's mother, whom he completely relied on, was totally against the marriage to a daughter of the sister she loathed and treated her daughter-in-law and niece with disdain. Intellectually, Queen Sophie was superior to her husband. She, on the other hand didn't fit his sensual character. While he loved contemporary painting, music and theatre, she was a lady of letters with a specific interest in history. William III had several extramarital relations. She let it be publicly known that she found him inferior and unsuitable to be king and that she would do better as a regent for her son.