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Sodium Nitrite

Sodium nitrite
Sodium nitrite
Natriumnitrit.png
The nitrite anion (space-filling model)
The sodium cation
Identifiers
7632-00-0 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:78870 N
ChEMBL ChEMBL93268 YesY
ChemSpider 22689 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.687
EC Number 231-555-9
E number E250 (preservatives)
PubChem 24269
RTECS number RA1225000
UNII M0KG633D4F YesY
UN number 1500
Properties
NaNO2
Molar mass 68.9953 g/mol
Appearance white or slightly yellowish solid
Density 2.168 g/cm3
Melting point 271 °C (520 °F; 544 K) (decomposes at 320 °C)
71.4 g/100 mL (0 °C)
84.8 g/100 mL (25 °C)
160 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility soluble in methanol (4.4 g/100 mL)
ethanol
slightly soluble in diethyl ether (0.3 g/100 mL)
very soluble in ammonia
Acidity (pKa) ~9
−14.5·10−6 cm3/mol
1.65
Structure
Trigonal
Thermochemistry
106 J/mol K
−359 kJ/mol
−295 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
V03AB08 (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheet External MSDS
Oxidizing Agent O Toxic T Dangerous for the Environment (Nature) N
R-phrases R8, R25, R50
S-phrases (S1/2), S45, S61
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g., calcium Special hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g., potassium perchlorateNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
489 °C (912 °F; 762 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
180 mg/kg (rats, oral)
Related compounds
Other anions
Sodium nitrate
Other cations
Potassium nitrite
Ammonium nitrite
Lithium nitrite
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Sodium nitrite is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaNO2. It is a white to slightly yellowish crystalline powder that is very soluble in water and is hygroscopic. It is a useful precursor to a variety of organic compounds, such as pharmaceuticals, dyes, and pesticides, but it is probably best known as a food additive to prevent botulism.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.

The main use of sodium nitrite is for the industrial production of organonitrogen compounds. It is a reagent for conversion of amines into diazo compounds, which are key precursors to many dyes, such as diazo dyes. Nitroso compounds are produced from nitrites. These are used in the rubber industry.

Other applications include uses in photography. It may also be used as an electrolyte in electrochemical grinding manufacturing processes, typically diluted to about 10% concentration in water. It is used in a variety of metallurgical applications, for phosphatizing and detinning.

Sodium nitrite is an effective corrosion inhibitor and is used as an additive in industrial greases, as an aqueous solution in closed loop cooling systems, and in a molten state as a heat transfer medium.

Sodium nitrite is used together with sodium thiosulfate to treat cyanide poisoning.

It is in the section "antidotes and other substances used in poisonings" of the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.


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