Sinjar mountains
| Sinjar Şengal |
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|---|---|
Satellite picture of
Shingal Mountains |
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| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,463 m (4,800 ft) |
| Coordinates | 36°22′0.22″N 41°43′18.62″E / 36.3667278°N 41.7218389°ECoordinates: 36°22′0.22″N 41°43′18.62″E / 36.3667278°N 41.7218389°E |
| Geography | |
The Sinjar Mountains (Kurdish: Çiyayên Şengalê چیای شەنگال/شەنگار; Arabic: جبل سنجار jabal Sinjār; also Shingal\Shengar Mountains) are a 100-kilometre-long (62 mi) mountain range that runs east to west, rising above the surrounding alluvial steppe plains in northwestern Iraq to an elevation of 1,463 meters (4,800 ft). The highest segment of these mountains, about 75 km (47 mi) long, lies in Nineveh Governorate. The western and lower segment of these mountains lies in Syria which is about 25 km (16 mi) long and controlled by the de facto autonomous Syrian Kurdistan. The city of Sinjar is just south of the range. These mountains are regarded as sacred by the Yazidis.
The Sinjar Mountains are a spectacular example of a breached anticlinal structure. These mountains consist of an asymmetrical, doubly plunging anticline, which is called the Sinjar Anticline, with a steep northern limb, gentle southern limb and a northerly vergence. The northern side of the anticline is normally faulted, which results in the repetition of the sequence of sedimentary strata exposed in it. The deeply eroded Sinjar Anticline exposes a number of sedimentary formations ranging from Late Cretaceous to Early Neogene in age. The Late Cretaceous Shiranish Formation outcrops within the middle of the Sinjar Mountains. The flanks of this mountain range consist of outward dipping strata of the Sinjar and Aliji formations (Paleocene to Early Eocene); Jaddala Formation (Middle to Late Eocene); Serikagne Formation (Early Miocene); and Jeribe Formation (Early Miocene). The Sinjar Mountains are surrounded by exposures of Middle and Late Miocene sedimentary strata
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