Siege of Arcot
| Siege of Arcot | |||||||||
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| Part of the Second Carnatic War | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
 British East India Company
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 French East India CompanyNawab of Arcot |
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Robert Clive | Raza Sahib | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 500 soldiers | 7,420 soldiers | ||||||||
The Siege of Arcot (23 September – 14 November 1751) took place at Arcot, India between forces of the British East India Company led by Robert Clive and forces of Nawab of the Carnatic, Chanda Sahib, assisted by a small number of troops from the French East India Company. It was part of the Second Carnatic War.
In the early part of 18th century, the Mughal Empire of India was in its last throes. The princely states of India a few hundred in number, became more and more autonomous and independent with the reduced oversight of the vast Mughal empire. The British and French East India companies which were present in Mughal India due to the hospitality of the Mughal emperors and were doing vibrant trade across the oceans between Mughal India and Europe.
The British East India Company represented British trading interests with factories, ports at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay on the three coasts of India. The French East India Company operated out of Pondicherry, just down the coast from Madras. Both European powers entered into agreements with local Nawabs and princely states, primarily for trade contacts but also hoping to gain influence over the territories that provided trade goods and tax revenue. As England and France were rivals in Europe, they carried on their rivalry to the new Eastern trade frontier by way of extending their support to rival Nawabs in India. The Indian princes were ambivalent toward the Europeans and as much as they appreciated the income from trade, they primarily desired the military might the Europeans could supply to tip the local balance of power in their favor.
In the Deccan proper, the Asaf Jah I (also known as Nizam-ul-Mulk) had founded a hereditary dynasty, with Hyderabad for its capital, which claimed to exercise authority over the entire South. The Carnatic – that is, the lowland tract between the central plateau and the Bay of Bengal – was ruled by the Nizam's deputy, the Nawab of Arcot. Farther to the south, a Hindu king reigned at Trichinopoly; and another Hindu kingdom had its seat at Tanjore. Inland, Mysore was rapidly developing into a third Hindu state; while everywhere lived chieftains, called palegars or , in semi-independent lordship of citadels or hill-forts, representing the fief-holders of the ancient Hindu Vijayanagara Empire; and many of them having maintained a practical independence since its fall in 1565.
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