Shor language
| Shor | |
|---|---|
| Шор тили šor tili, Тадар тили tadar tili | |
| Native to | Russia |
| Region | Kemerovo |
| Ethnicity | Shors |
|
Native speakers
|
2,800 (2010 census) |
|
Turkic
|
|
| Cyrillic | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | |
| Glottolog | shor1247 |
The Shor language (Шор тили) is a Turkic language spoken by about 2,800 people in a region called Mountain Shoriya, in the Kemerovo Province in southwest Siberia, although the entire Shor population in this area is over 12000 people. Presently, not all ethnic Shors speak Shor, and the language suffered a decline from the late 1930s to the early 1990s. During this period the Shor language was neither written, nor taught at schools. However, the dissolution of the Soviet Union brought about the Shor language revival. The language is now taught at the Novokuznetsk branch of the Kemerovo State University.
Like its neighbor languages, Shor has borrowed many roots from Mongolian, as well as words from Russian. The two main dialects are Mrassu and Kondoma, named after the rivers in whose valleys they are spoken. From the point of view of classification of Turkic languages, these dialects belong to different branches of Turkic: According to the reflexes of the Proto-Turkic (PT) intervocalic -d- in modern languages (compare PT *adak, in modern Turkic languages meaning 'foot' or 'leg'), the Mrassu dialect is a -z- variety: azak, the Kondoma dialect is a -y- variety: ayak. This feature normally distinguishes different branches of Turkic which means that the Shor language has formed from different Turkic sources.
Each Shor dialect has subdialectal varieities. The Upper-Mrassu and the Upper-Kondoma varieties have developed numerous close features in the course of close contacts between their speakers in the upper reaches of the Kondoma and Mrassu rivers.
The Mrassu dialect served as a basis for Literary Shor language both in the 1930ies and in the 1980ies when the written form of the Shor language was revitalized after almost of 50 years of break in its written history. However, the Kondoma dialect norms are also largely accepted.
Shor was first written with a Cyrillic alphabet introduced by Christian missionaries in the middle of the 19th century. After a number of changes, the modern Shor alphabet is written in another modified Cyrillic alphabet.
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Wikipedia