Shi Dongshan
| Shi Dongshan | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Background information | |
| Chinese name | 史東山 (traditional) |
| Chinese name | 史东山 (simplified) |
| Pinyin | Shǐ Dōngshān (Mandarin) |
| Birth name | Shi Kuangshao (史匡韶) |
| Born | December 29, 1902 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Qing China |
| Died | February 23, 1955 (aged 52) Beijing |
| Occupation | Film director, screenwriter |
| Years active | 1920s–1950s |
| Shi Dongshan | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 史東山 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 史东山 | ||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Shǐ Dōngshān |
Shi Dongshan (December 29, 1902 – February 23, 1955), born Shi Kuangshao, was one of the most prominent film directors and screenwriters in pre-Communist China, together with Chen Liting, Cai Chusheng, and Zheng Junli. His most notable film was Eight Thousand Li of Cloud and Moon, released in 1947. He served in the Communist government after 1949, but was later persecuted and committed suicide in 1955.
Shi Dongshan was born and raised in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. At the age of 17, he left his family and relocated to Zhangjiakou, finding brief work as a radio operator. He continued this career path by moving to Shanghai two years later, where he became a stage designer and occasional actor for the Shanghai Film Company (Chinese: 上海影戏公司; pinyin: Shanghai Yingxi Gongsi).
By the early 1930s, Shi was one of the leading directors for the left-leaning Lianhua Film Company, along with Cai Chusheng, Sun Yu and others. Shi would later join another left-leaning studio, Yihua Film Company, at the behest of the screenwriter Tian Han. Several years later, Shi had switched studios again. He directed several important works for the new Xinhua Film Company, notably an adaptation of the Nikolai Gogol's "The Government Inspector" entitled Night of the Debauche (1936), and the national-defense film, March of Youth (1937).
During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Shi fled to the interior of China with the Nationalist government, and directed propaganda films such as Protect Our Land (1938). After the war, Shi returned to Shanghai and helped found the Kunlun Film Company, the successor to Lianhua. It was with Kunlun that Shi directed perhaps his best known film, Eight Thousand Li of Cloud and Moon (1947). Shi would not regain the level of popularity as he would with his Kunlun films, and his final major work came after the 1949 Communist revolution in China with New Heroes and Heroines (1951).
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