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Sergey Witte

Sergei Witte
SergeiWitte01548v.jpg
Sergei Witte, early 1880s
1st Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire
In office
6 November 1905 – 5 May 1906
Monarch Nicholas II
Preceded by New Post
(Himself as Chairman of the
Committee of Ministers
)
Succeeded by Ivan Goremykin
Chairman of the Committee of Ministers
In office
1903–1905
Monarch Nicholas II
Preceded by Ivan Nikolayevich Durnovo
Succeeded by Post abolished
(Himself as Prime Minister)
13th Finance Minister of Imperial Russia
In office
30 August 1892 – 16 August 1903
Preceded by Ivan Vyshnegradsky
Succeeded by Eduard Pleske
14th Transport Minister of Imperial Russia
In office
February 1892 – August 1892
Preceded by Adolf Gibbenet
Succeeded by Apollon Krivoshein
Personal details
Born Sergei Yulyevich Witte
(1849-06-29)29 June 1849
Tiflis, Russian Empire
Died 13 March 1915(1915-03-13) (aged 65)
Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
Nationality Russian
Alma mater Novorossiysk University
Signature

Count Sergei Yulyevich Witte (Russian: Серге́й Ю́льевич Ви́тте, translit. Vitte, pronounced [vitɛ]) (29 June [O.S. 17 June] 1849  – 13 March [O.S. 28 February] 1915), also known as Sergius Witte, was a highly influential econometrician, minister, and prime minister in Imperial Russia, one of the key figures in the political arena at the end of 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century.

Witte was neither a liberal or a conservative. He attracted foreign capital to boost Russia's industrialization. Witte served under the last two emperors of Russia, Alexander III and Nicholas II. During the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) he had risen to a position in which he controlled all the traffic passing to the front along the lines of the Odessa Railways. As Minister of Finance Witte presided over extensive industrialization and the management of various railroad lines. He framed the October Manifesto of 1905, and the accompanying government communication, but was not convinced it would solve Russia's problem with the .

On 20 October 1905 he became the first Chairman of the Russian Council of Ministers (Prime Minister). Assisted by his Council he designed Russia's first constitution. Within a few months he fell in disgrace within court circles as a reformer. He resigned before the First Duma assembled. Witte was fully confident that he had resolved the main problem—providing political stability to the regime, but according to him the "peasant problem" would further determine the character of the Duma's activity.


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