Ivan Goremykin
| Ivan Goremykin | |
|---|---|
Ivan Goremykin
|
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| 2nd and 5th Prime Minister of Russia | |
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In office 5 May 1906 – 21 July 1906 |
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| Monarch | Nicholas II |
| Preceded by | Sergei Witte |
| Succeeded by | Pyotr Stolypin |
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In office 12 February 1914 – 2 February 1916 |
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| Monarch | Nicholas II |
| Preceded by | Vladimir Kokovtsov |
| Succeeded by | Boris Stürmer |
| 21st Minister of the Interior of Imperial Russia | |
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In office 15 October 1895 – 20 October 1899 |
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| Preceded by | Ivan Durnovo |
| Succeeded by | Dmitry Sergeyevich Sipyagin |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Ivan Logginovitch Goremykin 8 November 1839 Veliky Novgorod, Russian Empire |
| Died | 24 December 1917 (aged 78) Sochi, Russian SFSR |
| Cause of death | Homicide |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Alma mater | Imperial School of Jurisprudence |
| Occupation | Politician |
Ivan Logginovitch Goremykin (Russian: Ива́н Лóггинович Горемы́кин, Ivan Logginovič Goremykin; 8 November 1839 – 24 December 1917) was a conservative Russian politician who served as Prime Minister in 1906, and from 1914–1916, during World War I. He was the last person to have the civil rank of Active Privy Councillor, 1st class.
He was born on 8 November 1839 into a noble family. In 1860 he completed studies at the Imperial School of Jurisprudence and became a lawyer in Saint Petersburg. In the Senate Goremykin became responsible for agriculture in Congress Poland. In 1866 he was appointed as vice governor in Płock and 1869 in Kielce. In 1891 he was appointed as deputy minister of justice, considered being an expert on the "peasant question".
Within a year he moved to the Ministry of the Interior, becoming Minister from 1895-1899. A self-described "man of the old school" who viewed the Tsar as the "anointed one, the rightful sovereign", Goremykin was a loyal supporter of Nicholas II as and accordingly pursued conservative policy. He was apparently well liked by the Empress Alexandra. (In 1894 he was appointed as senator; in 1896 as Actual Privy Councillor and became a member of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society). In 1897 Vladimir Chertkov, a leading member of the Tolstoyan movement, was banned by Goremykin or his ministry.
While heading the Interior Ministry he submitted a proposal to the Tsar advocating administrative reform and the expansion of the zemstvo program and representation within the existing Zemstvos. Faced with opposition to the program, he left the position in 1899. In April 1906, Sergei Witte, a reformist, was succeeded by Goremykin. In the Russian Constitution of 1906 the Tsar, regretting his 'moment of weakness' when signing the October Manifesto, retained the title of autocrat and maintained his unique dominating position in relation to the Russian Church. His unwavering opposition to the political reform demanded by the First Duma left him unable to work with that body and he resigned in July 1906 after a conflict about ministerial responsibility and rejecting radical agrarian reforms proposed by Duma. He was replaced by his Minister of Interior, the younger and more forceful Peter Stolypin.
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