A sarafan (Russian: сарафа́н; IPA: [sərɐˈfan], from Persian sarāрā) is a long, trapezoidal traditional Russian jumper dress (pinafore) worn as Russian folk costume by women and girls.
Chronicles first mention it under the year 1376, and since that time it was worn until well into the 20th century. It is today worn as folk costume for performing Russian folk songs and folk dancing.
Plain sarafans are still designed and worn today as a summer-time light dress.
The outer layer of a Matryoshka doll is traditionally depicted wearing a sarafan.