Santa Bárbara d'Oeste
| Santa Bárbara d'Oeste | |||
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| Nickname(s): Pérola Açucareira (Sugar Pearl) | |||
 Location in the São Paulo state. |
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 Santa Bárbara d'Oeste
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| Coordinates: 22°45′16″S 47°24′51″W / 22.75444°S 47.41417°WCoordinates: 22°45′16″S 47°24′51″W / 22.75444°S 47.41417°W | |||
| Country |
 Brazil
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| State | São Paulo | ||
| Mesoregion | Campinas | ||
| Microregion | Campinas | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Denis Eduardo Andia (PV) | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 271.492 km2 (104.824 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 570 m (1,870 ft) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • Total | 180,009 | ||
| • Density | 660/km2 (1,700/sq mi) | ||
| Demonym(s) | Barbarense | ||
| Time zone | UTC-3 (UTC-3) | ||
| HDI (2000) | 0.819 – high | ||
| Website | link | ||
Santa Bárbara d'Oeste is a municipality in the State of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas. It lies about 138 kilometres (86 mi) northwest of the State capital. It occupies an area of 272.2 square kilometres (105.1 sq mi), of which 43.1 square kilometres (16.6 sq mi) is urban. In 2010, the population was estimated at 180,148 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, making it the 43rd most populous city in São Paulo and the sixth largest in the metropolitan region of Campinas.
Santa Bárbara d'Oeste has an annual average temperature of 22.2 °C (72.0 °F), and the original vegetation of the area predominates. The city has an urbanization rate of 98.73%. As of 2009, there were 44 medical institutions in the city, and its human development index (HDI) is rated as 0.819 in relation to the rest of the state.
Founded on 4 December 1818, when the Church was built, the city was named in honor of its patron saint, Santa Barbara, it was originally part of Piracicaba. It separated from Piracicaba in 1900. Since Margaret Grace Martins donated the land for the construction of the townsite, she is considered the founder, making the city the first and only Brazilian city founded by a woman. The city is also the birthplace of the automobile industry in Brazil, being where the first car was produced in Brazil. Today, Santa Bárbara d'Oeste is subdivided into slightly more than 130 districts.
Santa Bárbara d'Oeste has an important cultural tradition, ranging from craft and theater, to music and sports. American immigration has brought various influences on both cultural and tourist events and attractions, including the Party of Immigration, and the Fair of Nations. In the midst of the city is a cemetery, best known as the Graveyard of the Americans. It is administered by the Fraternity of American Descendants, who regularly hold meetings and events aimed at preserving the traditions and customs of American immigrants.
Until around 1810, the area where the city of Santa Bárbara d'Oeste now stands was virgin forest. That year, a road was constructed, linking the parish of Santo Antônio de Piracicaba to Villa de San Carlos de Campinas. With these improvements, the area turned into a good agricultural region due to its plentiful water sources, leading to the region being broken into allotments and put up for sale.
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