San Marino, San Marino
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City of San Marino Città di San Marino |
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| Castello | |||
A collage of the City of San Marino.
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 San Marino's location in San Marino |
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 City of San Marino
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| Coordinates: 43°56′4.56″N 12°26′50.28″E / 43.9346000°N 12.4473000°E | |||
| Country |
 San Marino
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| Foundation | September 3, 301 (traditional date) | ||
| Government | |||
| • Capitano | Maria Teresa Beccari (since 2009) | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 7.09 km2 (2.74 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 749 m (2,457 ft) | ||
| Population (31 October 2013) | |||
| • Total | 4,128 | ||
| • Density | 582.23/km2 (1,508.0/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | RSM-47890 | ||
| Climate | Cfb | ||
| San Marino Historic Centre and Monte Titano | |
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| Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List | |
 Monte Titano and three fortresses on top of it can be seen from many kilometers away |
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| Location | San Marino |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iii |
| Reference | 1245 |
| UNESCO region | Europe and North America |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 2008 (32nd Session) |
The City of San Marino (Italian: Città di San Marino), also known simply as San Marino or locally as Città, is the capital city of the Republic of San Marino located on the Italian peninsula, near the Adriatic Sea. The city has a population of 4,128. It is on the western slopes of San Marino's highest point, Monte Titano.
Although not the capital, most of the businesses are in Borgo Maggiore. It is the third largest city in the country, after Dogana and Borgo Maggiore. It borders the San Marino municipalities Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Fiorentino, and Chiesanuova and the Italian municipality San Leo.
Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj San Marino is centered here.
Due to its being the capital and previously the only city in San Marino, the history of this city is almost the same as the History of San Marino. For more information on that topic, see that article.
The city was founded by Saint Marinus and several Christian refugees in the year 301. From then on the city became a center of Christian refugees who fled from Roman persecution. As a result, the city become the oldest republic in Europe, for the republic's territory at that time only included the single city of San Marino.
The urban heart of the city was protected by three towers: the first, Guaita, constructed in the 11th century, was famous for being impenetrable, which to a great extent discouraged attacks on the city.
Due to the Crusades, it was felt necessary to construct a second tower, Cesta (13th century). But the Sanmarinense defensive system was not completed until the construction of a third tower, the Montale (14th century) - the smallest of all and constructed on the last of the summits of Monte Titano.
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