Saint Caesarius of Africa

Saint Caesarius of Africa
Deacon and Martyr
Died	c. 3rd century Terracina, Italy
Venerated in	Roman Catholic Church
Major shrine	Terracina
Feast	1 November
Attributes	palm, Gospel, sack
Patronage	patron saint of Roman emperors; invoked against drowning, flooding, and for the good success of Caesarean delivery

Saint Caesarius of Africa, also Caesarius of Terracina (Saint Cesario deacon in italian) was a Christian martyr. The church of San Cesareo in Palatio in Rome bears his name.

Caesarius was a deacon of Africa, martyred at Terracina in Italy. Caesarius denounced the pagan custom of having one youth per year immolate himself to the demons by jumping off a cliff in honour of the god Apollo. The priest of Apollo had him arrested and taken before the governor. He was sentenced to be sewn into a sack and thrown into the sea. He was martyred together with Julian, a local presbyter. While the death of Caesarius has been placed as early as 60 or 110, it is more likely that he actually lived in the 3rd century and died during the reign of Diocletian.

His feast is held on 1 November. In the 4th century, Emperor Valentinian I was cured at the shrine of Caesarius at Terracina. The emperor then decided to move his relics to Rome. They were taken to a church on the Palatine Hill, and when they were later moved to a new church near the Appian Way which got the name San Cesareo in Palatio.

Terracina Cathedral (Cattedrale dei Santi Pietro e Cesareo) is dedicated to him and Saint Peter.

Caesarius of Terracina is the saint chosen for his name to replace and Christianize the pagan figure of Julius Caesar.

The patron saint of Caesarean section is Caesarius deacon and martyr.

Saint Caesarius is invoked against the floods of the rivers, the drownings (in memory of his martyrdom), for defense against lightning, from telluric and meteorological calamities.

...
Wikipedia