Rosh Pinna
Rosh Pina
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| Hebrew transcription(s) | ||
| • ISO 259 | Roˀš Pinna | |
| • Also spelled | Rosh Pina (official) Roch Pina, Rosh Pinah (unofficial) |
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 Rosh Pina
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| Coordinates: 32°58′12.01″N 35°32′31.72″E / 32.9700028°N 35.5421444°ECoordinates: 32°58′12.01″N 35°32′31.72″E / 32.9700028°N 35.5421444°E | ||
| District | Northern | |
| Founded | 1882 | |
| Government | ||
| • Type | Local council | |
| • Head of Municipality | Avihud Rasky | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 17,569 dunams (17.569 km2 or 6.783 sq mi) | |
| Population (2015) | ||
| • Total | 2,908 | |
Rosh Pina (Hebrew: רֹאשׁ פִּנָּה, lit. Cornerstone) is a town and local council in the Upper Galilee on the eastern slopes of Mount Kna'an in the Northern District of Israel. The town with the current name was founded in 1882 by thirty families who immigrated from Romania, making it one of the oldest Zionist settlements in Israel. It was preceded at the same location by the settlement of Gei Oni ("Valley of My Strength"), established by local Jews from Safed in 1878, which had been, however, almost fully abandoned by 1882. In 2015 it had a population of 2,908.
Rosh Pina is located north of the Sea of Galilee, on the eastern slopes of Mount Kna'an, approximately 2 km (1 mi) east of the city of Safed, 420 m (1,378 ft) above sea level, latitude north 32° 58', longitude east 35° 31'. North of Rosh Pina is Lake Hula, which was a swamp area drained in the 1950s.
Rosh Pina was one of the first modern Jewish agricultural settlements in history of the Land of Israel, then part of the Turkish Ottoman Empire. Rosh Pina was established near the Arab village of al-Ja'una. In 1883, it became the first Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel to come under the patronage of the Baron Edmond James de Rothschild.
Gei Oni was founded in 1878 by Jews from Safed, some of whom were descended from Spanish Jews exiled in 1492. However, most of the original two to three dozen families left after three years of drought, though three families remained: Keller, Friedman, and Schwartz. A year later, in 1882, a group of Romanian Jews, most of them coming from Moineşti in Moldavia, and led by Moshe David Shuv, joined the three families of Gei Oni, enlarged the village, and renamed it Rosh Pina, as per Psalm 118:22: "The stone which the builders rejected has become the cornerstone [lit. "head of the corner", i.e. "rosh pina" in Hebrew]."
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