Roquebrune-Cap-Martin
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The old village, the cape and the bay of Roquebrune
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 Roquebrune-Cap-Martin
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Location within Provence-A.-C.d'A. region
Roquebrune-Cap-Martin
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| Coordinates: 43°45′46″N 7°27′47″E / 43.7628°N 7.4631°ECoordinates: 43°45′46″N 7°27′47″E / 43.7628°N 7.4631°E | ||
| Country | France | |
| Region | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | |
| Department | Alpes-Maritimes | |
| Arrondissement | Nice | |
| Canton | Menton-Ouest | |
| Intercommunality | Riviera française | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor (2008–2014) | Patrick Césari | |
| Area1 | 9.33 km2 (3.60 sq mi) | |
| Population (2008)2 | 13,515 | |
| • Density | 1,400/km2 (3,800/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | |
| INSEE/Postal code | 06104 /06190 | |
| Elevation | 0–800 m (0–2,625 ft) | |
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. |
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
Roquebrune-Cap-Martin (Occitan: Ròcabruna Caup Martin, Italian: Roccabruna-Capo Martino) is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France between Monaco and Menton. The name was changed from Roquebrune to differentiate the town from Roquebrune-sur-Argens in the neighboring Var department.
In pre-Roman times the area was settled by the Ligurians. Traces of their language can be still found in the local dialect. The commune (originally known as Roccabruna) was founded in 971 by Conrad I, count of Ventimiglia, in order to protect his western border.
In 1355, Roccabruna fell under the control of the Grimaldi family of Monaco for five centuries, during which time the castle was strengthened.
In 1793, Roquebrune became French for the first time, changing the name from the original Roccabruna, but it was returned to Monaco in 1814. In 1804 Napoleon built a road along the coastline. This road connected the village to the rest of the Côte d'Azur, and eventually led to its merger with the smaller town of Cap-Martin.
In 1848, there was a revolution related to the Italian Risorgimento, with the result that Roccabruna and Menton became free cities under the protection of the Savoy Prince. They hoped to be part of the Kingdom of Sardinia, but this did not occur, and the towns after two years of independence were put under Savoyan administration (but nominally still under the Prince of Monaco). They remained in a state of political limbo from 1849 until they were finally ceded to France by a plebiscite in 1861.
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Wikipedia